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What Baptismal Regeneration Means
- Baptismal regeneration broadly means water baptism delivers spiritual life and forgiveness when administered properly.
- Traditions differ on particulars like relationship of faith and baptism, but all see baptism as a means of grace.
Lutheran 'Ordinary Means' Formulation
- Lutherans typically call baptism the 'ordinary means' of regeneration and allow exceptions.
- They pair this with justification by faith, not seeing baptism as replacing faith.
Baptism As Public Culmination
- Gavin Ortlund: baptism 'saves' as the visible, summative expression of salvation, not the causal moment.
- He uses coronation and graduation metaphors to show baptism publicly represents prior saving reality.