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Key Labs to Confirm DKA Diagnosis
- Confirm DKA diagnosis with specific labs: pH < 7.3, serum bicarbonate < 18, positive serum/urine ketones, and elevated anion gap > 12.
- Avoid jumping to treatment without verifying beta hydroxybutyrate and metabolic derangements first.
Start DKA Treatment with Fluids
- Prioritize fluid resuscitation as the initial treatment in DKA with 15-20 mL/kg or 1-1.5 L in the first hour.
- This restores organ perfusion before initiating insulin therapy.
Balanced Fluids Benefit DKA Patients
- Balanced fluids improve time to DKA resolution compared to normal saline by reducing chloride load.
- Using balanced fluids is supported by multiple studies including a meta-analysis.