The Proof with Simon Hill

Hydration for optimal health and performance | Stacy Sims, PhD

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May 8, 2023
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ANECDOTE

Kona Race Sparked Hydration Research

  • Stacy Sims discovered female-specific hydration issues after racing Ironman in Kona and feeling unusually puffy post-race.
  • That race sparked her PhD focus on menstrual-phase differences in hydration and plasma volume manipulation.
INSIGHT

Urine Tests Reflect Plasma, Not Total Water

  • Hydration measures like osmolality and urine specific gravity primarily reflect plasma volume, not total body water compartments.
  • Plasma volume availability determines thermoregulation and influences perceived dehydration during exercise.
ADVICE

Formulate Fluids For Intestinal Absorption

  • Drink fluids that create an optimal small-intestine pressure (about 200 mOsm) so absorption works, using sodium and glucose to activate transporters.
  • Target a 1–3% carbohydrate solution and modest sodium (~100–120 mg/L) during exercise to maximize absorption.
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