Freakonomics Radio

Max Bazerman, a Harvard Business School professor, discusses the ethics of academia, spotlighting the systemic pressures that lead to misconduct. Brian Nosek from the University of Virginia talks about his efforts in promoting transparency through the Open Science Framework, revealing the reluctance in academia to share data. Ivan Oransky, co-founder of Retraction Watch, exposes the challenges surrounding the integrity of publishing, especially after Hindawi's retraction of over 8,000 fraudulent papers. The episode sheds light on the pervasive issues of trust and accountability in research.

Max Bazerman, a behavioral science expert from Harvard, Leif Nelson from UC Berkeley known for tackling research misconduct, and Brian Nosek, a champion of research integrity at the University of Virginia, explore the alarming rise of academic fraud. They discuss the pressures that lead researchers to manipulate data and the far-reaching consequences of retracted papers. The conversation delves into high-profile cases and their implications on public trust, while emphasizing the urgent need for accountability and ethical standards in academia.

David Eagleman, a Stanford neuroscientist and author, revisits our understanding of the brain's incredible adaptability. He reveals how neuroplasticity allows for astonishing skills like echolocation in blind individuals. The discussion covers sensory substitution technologies that transform sensory experiences and how cognitive biases shape our decision-making. Eagleman also explores the limitations of AI cognition compared to human thought processes, emphasizing the philosophical significance of these differences. Plus, he introduces 'possibilianism' for exploring varied interpretations of existence.

In this engaging conversation, Adam Moss, a renowned magazine editor and author of "The Work of Art," shares his journey from editorial excellence to exploring painting. He discusses the creative process, highlighting the challenges and joys of starting from scratch. Moss reflects on mentorship, emphasizing kindness and supportive growth over traditional criticism. He also delves into how his experiences in journalism enriched his artistic path and the importance of finding joy in the creation itself, rather than solely in the finished piece.

In this enlightening discussion, Ezekiel Emanuel, an oncologist and healthcare policymaker, delves into the transformative potential of GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic. He highlights their unexpected benefits for weight loss and other health issues, while addressing the ethical complexities surrounding accessibility and insurance coverage. Emanuel also shares insights on the future of cancer care and the impact of emerging technologies like AI in healthcare. His reflections on healthcare policy reveal crucial implications for equity and innovation in the U.S. healthcare system.

Shane Hamilton, a historian at the University of York and author of "Supermarket USA," joins Peter Timmer, a former Harvard economist and expert in agricultural policy. They discuss the strategic role supermarkets played in Cold War propaganda, shaping American eating habits and showcasing abundance to contrast against the USSR. The conversation dives into agricultural innovations like the 'Chicken of Tomorrow,' the influence of government policies on the food supply chain, and the ideological clash represented by consumerism in the Cold War.

John J. Sullivan, a former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State and Ambassador to Russia, shares his expertise on U.S.-Russia relations and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. He recounts a crucial meeting between Biden and Putin, predicting how a second Trump term might reshape foreign policy. Sullivan discusses missteps in U.S. diplomatic strategies and the pressing threats posed by Russia and China. He also delves into the complexities of Russian identity and geopolitics, highlighting the need for a solid response to ensure global stability.

Tony Spring, CEO of Macy's Inc., shares insights on revitalizing the iconic brand amidst evolving retail challenges. Mark Cohen, former director of retail studies at Columbia, discusses the impact of market shifts on traditional stores like Macy's. Jeff Kinney, beloved author of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series, reveals his commitment to restoring his hometown through his independent bookstore. The conversation dives into the importance of cultural events, customer loyalty, and community connections in navigating the future of retail.

Explore the iconic Macy's Thanksgiving Parade, a cherished tradition with unexpected economic significance. Discover the meticulous planning that makes the parade a marketing powerhouse, and dive into the creative journey behind the beloved character balloons. Hear insights from event producers and city officials about the challenges faced, from security measures to weather unpredictabilities. The episode also highlights Macy's ongoing struggle to adapt in a changing retail landscape, blending nostalgia with modern marketing strategies.

David Autor, an MIT economist focused on labor markets, James Rosenman, CEO at Andrus on Hudson specializing in senior care robots, and Karen Eggleston, a Stanford economist researching robotic healthcare solutions in Asia, discuss the evolving role of robots in the workforce. They explore the balance between job displacement and the creation of new opportunities, the integration of cobots in nursing homes to enhance patient care, and the global perspectives on technological adaptation, particularly in Japan’s aging care landscape.