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Vienna's 19th Century Transformation
- Vienna in the 19th century rapidly transformed from a feudal hangover into a modern metropolis via the Ringstraße project.
- This urban transformation symbolized a newly empowered liberal city through massive marble institutions and speculative apartment complexes.
Wagner at Modernity's Crossroads
- Viennese modernity wrestled with expressing new materials and capitalism through architecture and urban planning.
- Otto Wagner's career bridges historicism and modernism, embodying debates over architectural style for the era.
Ringstrasse's Dual Nature
- The Ringstrasse was a massive redevelopment of the old city’s walls into grand monumental buildings and lavish apartment blocks.
- It combined autocratic state planning with private speculative property development, housing elites and the bourgeoisie.