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Pleasure As Homeostasis
- Freud's pleasure principle describes the organism seeking to minimize excitation and return to a baseline state.
- This reframes pleasure as stability and predictability rather than raw sensory intensity.
Repetition Points To A Death Drive
- Freud identifies a repetition compulsion that drives people to reenact painful experiences rather than avoid them.
- He introduces the death drive as a force distinct from life/libidinal drives that explains such repetitions.
The Fort‑Da Play Example
- Freud recounts his grandson's fort-da game where the child throws away and retrieves a reel to master the anxiety of the mother's departures.
- The game transforms passive suffering into an active, bounded repetition that contains the distress.