Are 672 billion pounds of corn eaten in the US every year?
Oct 5, 2024
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Krista Swanson, Chief Economist for the Corn Growers Association, and Margaret Smith, Professor of Plant Breeding at Cornell University, dive into America's staggering corn consumption. They dissect the claim of 672 billion pounds of corn eaten annually, revealing that much of this figure includes corn used for biofuel and animal feed. The duo humorously navigates the complexities of corn's journey from field to food, highlighting the overwhelming presence of corn derivatives like high-fructose corn syrup in our diets, all while re-evaluating the stats that shape our understanding of this essential crop.
The staggering figure of 672 billion pounds of corn consumed annually in the U.S. includes significant amounts used for animal feed and fuel, complicating human consumption statistics.
Only about 11% of total corn use is directly attributable to human dietary choices, highlighting the disconnect between reported consumption and actual food products consumed.
Deep dives
Corn Consumption in the U.S.
Corn is the dominant crop in the United States, with total annual consumption exceeding 672 billion pounds, averaging more than 2,000 pounds per person each year. However, this figure encompasses all uses of corn, including animal feed and fuel production, rather than just direct human consumption. A significant portion of the corn produced is processed into ethanol, used as a renewable fuel blended into gasoline, which accounts for 35% of total corn use. After accounting for various categories of consumption, it's revealed that less than 13% of the total corn production is consumed directly by humans.
Understanding Corn's Diverse Uses
The primary uses of corn extend well beyond human food, with about 45% of it being utilized as livestock feed, which further complicates the understanding of corn consumption. This raises questions about whether corn consumed indirectly through animal products should count towards human consumption. For example, corn used to feed animals results in only a fraction of energy being passed on to humans through meat or dairy products, making the representation of corn consumption more complex. Other significant uses of corn include high-fructose corn syrup and glucose, both commonly found in processed foods and beverages, highlighting corn's role in the food supply.
Revising the Consumption Figures
When considering the types of corn actually recognized as food, the figures drop significantly, with direct consumables like cornflakes, popcorn, and sweet corn representing a mere 1.7% of the total domestic corn use. If we generously include other corn derivatives, it's suggested that around 11% of total corn consumption may be attributable to human consumption, estimated at 75 billion pounds annually. This stark contrast brings to light the discrepancies in how corn consumption is reported, challenging the initial claims made in media outlets like National Geographic. The analysis ultimately underscores the importance of dissecting agricultural data to better understand the actual implications of corn production and consumption in the U.S.
National Geographic magazine recently wrote that “people in the United States eat more than 672 billion pounds of corn per year, which breaks down to more than 2,000 pounds per person annually”.
Is this really true?
Tim Harford investigates all the things that we don’t eat, that are counted in this number.
Presenter: Tim Harford
Producer: Bethan Ashmead Latham
Production co-ordinator: Katie Morrison
Sound mix: Giles Aspen
Editor: Richard Vadon
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