Freakonomics Radio

Hester Blum, a Professor of English specializing in oceanic literature, dives into the lessons we can learn from whales. She explores the intriguing concept of fecal plumes and their role in marine ecosystems, as well as the impacts of shipping noise on whale populations. The conversation also highlights the diversity within the 19th-century whaling industry, showcasing the contributions of marginalized sailors. Finally, Blum ties all these themes to Melville's 'Moby-Dick,' emphasizing how literature reflects our relationship with nature.

Bjorn Basberg, an economic historian from the Norwegian School of Economics, and journalist Jay Alabaster discuss the surprising persistence of whaling in some cultures despite a dramatic decline in demand. They explore the historical roots of the whaling industry, the clash between tradition and modern conservation efforts, and the unique motivations behind practices in Norway and Japan. As they delve into the economic and ethical complexities, they illuminate the ongoing tensions between local customs and global activism surrounding this controversial industry.

Eric Hilt, an economic historian, and Nathaniel Philbrick, a maritime author, dive into the fascinating world of American whaling. They discuss how the U.S. came to control the whale market and the industry's role in shaping early capitalism. The conversation reveals the intriguing conflicts between traditional practices and conservation efforts. Hilt and Philbrick highlight Nantucket's significance during whaling’s peak and explore the industry's dramatic decline, touching on investment dynamics that differentiate it from textiles. Plus, find out if whale vomit really ends up in your perfume!

Kelsey Ralph, a transportation scholar from Rutgers University, and David Strayer, a psychology professor at the University of Utah, dive into the alarming rise of pedestrian deaths in the U.S. They explore the cultural implications of car-centric urban designs and advocate for systemic changes to improve safety. The discussion covers the dangers of distractions like cell phones while driving and highlights how societal behaviors, particularly during the pandemic, may exacerbate aggressive driving. Both guests envision a future with safer streets and enhanced pedestrian infrastructure.

Helen Fisher, a renowned biological anthropologist and senior research fellow at the Kinsey Institute, dives into the economics of love and marriage. She discusses how modern dating platforms like Tinder exacerbate assortative mating, which can lead to social inequalities. The changing landscape of marriage, including trends in cohabitation and later marriages, highlights evolving dynamics. Fisher also reflects on historical practices, like the impact of mourning in aristocratic marriages and the shift from prestige to love as the main motivation for marriage.

Satya Nadella, the CEO of Microsoft, is revolutionizing the tech landscape with his leadership and vision in AI. He shares insights on the competition with Google, the transformative role of ChatGPT in Bing, and the philosophical challenges posed by AI. Nadella emphasizes the importance of responsible AI practices and the need for corporate accountability. He also reflects on his journey from India to leading Microsoft, advocating for collaboration over competition. Hear his perspective on the dual nature of AI's potential and risks for humanity.

Kelly Shue, a finance professor at Yale, critiques ESG investing, arguing it primarily benefits already green firms while leaving polluters without support for transformation. Chris James, founder of Engine No. 1, shares insights on effectively engaging firms like ExxonMobil to foster sustainability. Tony Will from CF Industries discusses his company's decarbonization efforts, highlighting government support in achieving greener practices. Together, they unravel the complexities of ESG investing and the need for targeted strategies to drive real environmental change.

Dahlia Lithwick, a Senior legal correspondent at Slate Magazine, Chris Tyndale, a philosophy professor specializing in argumentation, and Eugene Volokh, a prominent legal scholar from UCLA, dive into the slippery slope argument. They investigate its application in gun control, abortion, and drug legalization debates. The conversation dissects whether these fears are valid or merely emotional reactions, while exploring historical instances like smoking regulations. They also discuss the media's role in sensationalizing these arguments, highlighting the nuanced impacts on public perception and policy.

Ari Emanuel, CEO of Endeavor and master negotiator, shares his journey from a small talent agency to a global sports and entertainment powerhouse. He recounts the fierce competition with his brothers and how childhood experiences fueled his ambition. Emanuel dives into the complexities of UFC broadcasting deals, especially during the pandemic. He also tackles the evolving interplay between sports and AI, discussing ethical challenges in the industry. With passion and candor, he emphasizes the importance of resilience, adaptability, and the fight against indifference.

Al Roth, a Nobel laureate in economics known for his innovative work in market design, joins altruistic kidney donor Ned Brooks, who sparked a donation chain and founded the National Kidney Donation Organization. They discuss how traditional markets fail for sensitive transactions like organ transplants. Roth shares insights on modernizing organ donation systems, the challenges of kidney supply versus demand, and the life-changing impact of matching algorithms. Brooks' personal journey highlights the emotional power of altruism in saving lives.