

In Our Time
BBC Radio 4
Spanning history, religion, culture, science and philosophy, In Our Time from BBC Radio 4 is essential listening for the intellectually curious. In each episode, host Melvyn Bragg and expert guests explore the characters, events and discoveries that have shaped our world.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
History fans can learn about pivotal wars and societal upheavals, such as the rise and fall of Napoleon, the Sack of Rome in 1527, and the political intrigue of the Russian Revolution. Those fascinated by the lives of kings and queens can journey to Versailles to meet Marie Antoinette and Louis XIV the Sun King, or to Ancient Egypt to meet Cleopatra and Nerfertiti. Or perhaps you’re looking to explore the history of religion, from Buddhism’s early teachings to the Protestant Reformation.
If you’re interested in the stories behind iconic works of art, music and literature, dive in to discussions on the artistic genius of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel and Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers. From Gothic architecture to the works of Shakespeare, each episode of In Our Time offers new insight into humanity’s cultural achievements.
Those looking to enrich their scientific knowledge can hear episodes on black holes, the Periodic Table, and classical theories of gravity, motion, evolution and relativity. Learn how the discovery of penicillin revolutionised medicine, and how the death of stars can lead to the formation of new planets.
Lovers of philosophy will find episodes on the big issues that define existence, from free will and ethics, to liberty and justice. In what ways did celebrated philosophers such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx push forward radical new ideas? How has the concept of karma evolved from the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism to today? What was Plato’s concept of an ideal republic, and how did he explore this through the legend of the lost city of Atlantis?
In Our Time celebrates the pursuit of knowledge and the enduring power of ideas.
Episodes
Mentioned books

Nov 15, 2007 • 42min
Oxygen
Discover the rivalry between British and French chemists over the discovery of oxygen, leading to a scientific controversy. Learn about the significance of Chemistry in the 18th century and its impact on various fields. Explore the transition of Joseph Priestley from a preacher to a natural philosopher and the revolutionary interplay of knowledge, politics, and religion.

Nov 8, 2007 • 42min
Avicenna
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss Avicenna, a Persian Islamic philosopher known for proving the existence of god, blending medical knowledge into a book, and establishing mind-body dualism. They explore Avicenna's early accomplishments, the Flying Man argument, his Canon of Medicine, his influence on medieval philosophy, and his enduring impact on both Islamic and Western academia.

Nov 1, 2007 • 42min
Guilt
Melvyn Bragg and guests delve into the complex nature of guilt, exploring its role in morality, psychology, and law. They discuss the distinction between shame and guilt, Kant's perspective on duty and morality, and Nietzsche's critique of Christian morality. The conversation also touches on the origins and impact of guilt, highlighting its deep roots in Christian ethics and its evolution in society.

Oct 25, 2007 • 42min
Taste
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the 18th-century obsession with taste, reflecting on the societal impact of aesthetics in fashion, architecture, and art. They explore the evolution of taste from philosophical roots to social judgments, the role of taste in shaping social hierarchies in the British Empire, and its portrayal in British literature like Jane Austen's novels.

Oct 18, 2007 • 42min
The Arabian Nights
Dive into the enchanting world of The Arabian Nights, where tales of Genies, Ali Baba, and Sinbad the Sailor come to life. Discover the origins of these stories, their evolution through time, and their enduring impact on literature. Explore how these magical narratives bridge cultures and continue to captivate audiences worldwide.

Oct 11, 2007 • 42min
The Divine Right of Kings
Delve into the concept of Divine Right of Kings in 17th century Britain, shaping monarchs, inspiring Shakespeare, and influencing thinkers like Locke. Explore the clash between societal expectations and monarchs' sacral authority, the impact of James I and plays like Macbeth on perceptions of monarchy, and the resurgence of divine right during Charles II's reign. Unravel the complex interplay of politics, religion, and literature in defining the legitimacy of rulers.

Oct 4, 2007 • 28min
Antimatter
British physicist Paul Dirac predicted antimatter with his beautiful equations, leading to the discovery of positrons. Despite being mundane in physics, antimatter is used in labs and hospitals. The mystery remains why there isn't more antimatter in the universe, challenging scientists to develop new physics. Guests delve into matter structure, antimatter properties, practical applications, and the interplay between theory and experiment in physics.

Sep 27, 2007 • 42min
Socrates
Explore the eccentric life and influential philosophy of Socrates, a preeminent figure in Western philosophy. Delve into his unconventional teaching methods, his focus on virtue and knowledge, and his enduring impact on philosophical thought. Discover the myth versus reality of 5th century Athens and Socrates' radical ideas that challenged traditional beliefs. Reflect on his simplistic wisdom and self-reflection, offering insights for modern life.

5 snips
Jul 12, 2007 • 28min
Madame Bovary
Explore the controversial themes of adultery and morality in Gustave Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary, as discussed by experts. The trial of Flaubert, the character of Emma, societal influences, and the success of the novel are all analyzed. Dive into the intricate blend of art, morality, and realism that made Madame Bovary a literary sensation

12 snips
Jul 5, 2007 • 42min
The Pilgrim Fathers
Exploring the history and legacy of the Pilgrim Fathers, their interactions with American Indians, and the enduring impact of their settlement. Debunking misconceptions about their status as the first British European settlers. Highlighting the challenges faced by separatist groups in England and their migration to Holland. Reflecting on the negotiation process, treacherous journey, and significance of the Mayflower Compact. Discussing the crucial assistance provided by Indian, Scanto, and the complex relationships between Pilgrims and Native Indians.


