'The Watcher' by Italo Calvino explores the complexities of democracy, raising questions about who possesses the authority to vote and the significance of individual votes.
The novella intertwines personal and political decisions, shedding light on the limitations of political ideologies, religious institutions, and the importance of compassion in human interactions.
Deep dives
The Watcher: A Novella Exploring the Complexities of Democracy
The novella 'The Watcher' by Italo Calvino, published in 1963, delves into the intricacies of democracy and the moral and political responsibilities attached to it. The story takes place on Election Day in 1953, set in the vast institution of Cottalengo in Turin, Italy. The central character, Amarego, is tasked with ensuring the votes are conducted fairly, which becomes a challenge due to the influence of the Catholic Church and the presence of physically and mentally afflicted inmates. Calvino, a former communist, explores the tensions between his own political beliefs and the complexities of democratic decision-making, raising questions about who possesses the authority to vote and the overall significance of individual votes, which ultimately leaves readers grappling with the true nature of democracy.
The Personal and the Political: A Humanist Perspective
While 'The Watcher' touches on political themes, it primarily functions as a humanist novel. Calvino presents contrasting viewpoints on democracy, giving voice to both rational and empathetic perspectives. The protagonist, Amarego, navigates personal challenges alongside his political duties, including his own ambivalence towards his girlfriend's pregnancy. The story delves into the complexities of personal and political decisions, raising questions about identity, moral responsibility, and the role of religion. Through Amarego's experiences, Calvino explores the limitations of both political ideologies and religious institutions, ultimately highlighting the significance of compassion and love in human interactions.
The Dilemmas of Enfranchisement: Who Counts in Democracy?
The novella tackles the question of enfranchisement and who should have the right to vote in a democracy. It raises issues around the ability of certain individuals, such as the mentally and physically afflicted inmates of Cottalengo, to exercise their voting rights. The protagonist grapples with his own doubts about whether these individuals should be allowed to vote and the broader implications of limiting or expanding voting rights based on perceived capacities. Calvino highlights the inherent discriminatory nature of democracy and the tension between practical considerations for governance and the ideal of equal representation.
The Intersection of Politics and Personal Lives
Calvino's novella skillfully weaves the personal lives of the characters with the larger political context. While the story primarily revolves around the political responsibilities of Amarego and the dynamics within Cottalengo, it also touches on broader political events like the Cuban Missile Crisis and the fall of the Berlin Wall. The personal and political aspects of the characters' lives intersect, shaping their decisions and perspectives on democracy. Through this interplay, Calvino highlights the profound impact politics can have on individuals and the ways in which personal experiences shape political beliefs and actions.
David talks to Ian McEwan about Italo Calvino’s The Watcher (1963), one of the greatest of all works of political fiction. Challenging, disturbing, redemptive: this is a book about who gets to count and who doesn’t, and what identity politics really means. David and Ian also discuss how political fiction works - and why the climate change novel is so hard to write. Plus they argue about whether children should be allowed to vote.
Next week: Helen Thompson on Dallas and the end of oil.
Ian McEwan’s latest novel is Lessons, available now.