Past Present Future

Robert Saunders, a historian and author of 'Yes To Europe!', dives into the significance of the 1975 referendum on Britain's membership in the European Community. He discusses why the political landscape differed significantly from the 2016 Brexit referendum, including the surprising Euroscepticism of Labour and SNP and the pro-European stance of the Tories. Saunders highlights the role of immigration in the campaign, the influential leadership of Harold Wilson, and the strategic shifts that led to the Yes campaign's success despite a challenging start.

Discover the dramatic political trial of Mary Queen of Scots as she faced execution in a battle against Queen Elizabeth's powerful advisors. Unravel the intrigue behind Mary's insistence on a parliamentary trial over a noble court. Explore the gripping moral dilemmas Elizabeth faced while navigating the treacherous waters of monarchy and power. Who voted for Mary’s acquittal amidst overwhelming evidence? This riveting tale reveals the clash of ambition, loyalty, and the fateful choices that shaped a historic era.

Explore the riveting trial of Sir Thomas More, a clash of unwavering principles and royal expectations. Discover the moral dilemmas faced by advisors in the shadow of a powerful king. Unpack the complexities surrounding silence as a defense in court and the twisting narratives behind the prosecution. Delve into the stark contrasts between More and Cromwell, revealing their moral complexities amid political intrigue. This historic drama raises questions still relevant today about loyalty, conscience, and the nature of justice.

Dive into the gripping trial of Joan of Arc, where heresy accusations turned into a political spectacle. Explore the bizarre obsession with her clothing choices and how her visions were scrutinized. Discover the conflict between personal beliefs and institutional authority that shaped her fate. The discussion weaves in comparisons to Socrates and the trials of history's iconic figures, shedding light on the enduring impact of these events on justice and identity.

Socrates' trial in 399 BCE opens a deep dive into the clash between philosophy and politics. Unpacking the motivations behind his late-life prosecution reveals more about Athenian society than about Socrates himself. The unique Athenian jury system contrasts with modern trials, raising questions about justice and public outrage. Socrates' defiance during his defense sparks a discussion on virtue in the face of authority and the complexities of political narratives. The trial not only shaped his legacy but also left an indelible mark on democratic ideals.

Dive into the riveting world of historical political trials, from Socrates to modern-day figures. Discover why even dictatorial regimes cling to legal formalities. Unpack the dramatic contrasts in the executions of Ceausescu and Saddam Hussein, revealing deeper truths about power and justice. Explore the performative aspects of trials that expose political vulnerabilities. Delve into the concept of 'lawfare' and how courtrooms serve as battlegrounds for legitimacy and authority in society.

Dani Rodrik, a leading economist renowned for his insights on globalization, discusses the unsustainable nature of current global systems. He reflects on his early predictions and examines the shifts in political perspectives since the 1990s. Rodrik highlights the clash of populism and technocracy, and the influence of technological advancements on governance. He emphasizes the need for innovative institutions in the face of rapid societal changes and proposes a balanced approach to globalization that prioritizes worker welfare and equitable economic solutions.

Meg Jacobs, an economic historian and author of "Panic at the Pump," explores how the crises of the 1970s reshaped America's global role. She discusses the Nixon Shock's impact on economic policies and the public's response to national self-sacrifice during the oil crisis. Jacobs also connects these historical events to Donald Trump's political narrative, examining how past lessons on energy dependency still resonate today. The conversation reveals the complexities of conservation and governance that continue to challenge today's leaders.

Leah Downey, a political and economic theorist, delves into the intricate role of central banks, particularly the Federal Reserve, in shaping globalisation. She discusses how the Fed navigates its obligations to American democracy against global economic responsibilities. The conversation explores the impact of the euro dollar, the historical tension between central bankers and political officials, and the implications of the Volcker shock. Downey also examines the evolving relationship between monetary policy and national politics, hinting at insights into Trump's influence on these dynamics.

Historian Gary Gerstle dives into the tumultuous legacy of the Smoot-Hawley Act of 1930, revealing how it worsened the Great Depression and shifted political power in U.S. tariff policy. He explores why President Hoover failed to halt its protective measures and discusses the tensions between idealism and cynicism in American politics. Gerstle also connects historical tariff battles to today’s political landscape, raising questions about the limits of presidential authority and the dangers of isolationism in a global economy.