A Psychologist Explains Four Reasons the Internet Feels So Broken
Apr 9, 2024
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Professor Jay Van Bavel from NYU discusses how the internet fuels extreme political opinions, negativity bias in news media, viral emotions online, and inflamed tribalism. He explores group psychology dynamics shaping online behavior and the dark laws of online engagement.
Negativity, extremism, outgroup animosity, and moral emotion drive engagement online.
Online discussions feature more extreme opinions due to active users and algorithm prioritization.
Messages with moral emotional language are more likely to be shared, affecting group dynamics and polarization.
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Rules of Online Engagement
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Emergence of Extreme Views Online
Online discussions tend to feature more extreme opinions than offline interactions due to a combination of highly active users who are often politically extreme, as well as algorithms that prioritize engagement through comments and extreme content.
Impact of Moral Emotional Language
Messages containing moral emotional language are 10-20% more likely to be shared online, influencing group dynamics and perception of individuals' partisanship. This language, while driving engagement, can also reinforce polarization and alienate opposing viewpoints.
Jay Van Bavel is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. His lab has published papers on how the internet became a fun-house mirror of extreme political opinions, why the news media has a strong negativity bias, why certain emotions go viral online, why tribalism is inflamed by online activity, and how the internet can make us seem like the worst versions of ourselves. At the same time, Van Bavel emphasizes that many of the group psychology dynamics that can make social media seem like a dumpster fire are also core to what makes humankind such a special and ingenious species. We discuss the four dark laws of online engagement and the basics of group psychology.
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