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Theories, Not Activities
- Behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitiveism are theoretical perspectives, not specific teaching activities.
- Any learning activity can be analyzed from any of these theoretical viewpoints to predict outcomes.
Use Cognitiveism to Guide Teaching
- Understand cognitive psychology topics like working memory and cognitive load to design better educational materials.
- Use cognitiveist principles to analyze and improve teaching methods, regardless of activity type.
Modern Constructivism Is Sociocultural
- Contemporary constructivism research focuses on sociocultural learning theories rooted in Vygotsky, distinct from outdated ideas.
- Socio-cultural and cultural historical activity theory emphasize explicit teaching and teacher awareness of students' thinking.