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The Iliad and the Trojan War
- The Iliad, attributed to Homer, details a few weeks of the Trojan War's tenth year.
- Scholars debate Homer's existence and the war's actual length, with Troy's location being the only certainty.
The Judgement of Paris
- Paris, prince of Troy, sparked the war by choosing Aphrodite over Hera and Athena, receiving Helen as a reward.
- Helen, wife of Menelaus, was either taken by or eloped with Paris, causing the conflict.
Achilles' Wrath
- Achilles' anger fuels the Iliad's narrative, stemming from Agamemnon taking Briseis after returning Chryseis to Apollo.
- Achilles' withdrawal cripples the Greek army, highlighting the destructive nature of internal conflict.