Short Wave

Joined by NPR science reporter Jason Beaubien, the discussion centers on Jimmy Carter's remarkable legacy in global health, particularly his relentless battle against Guinea worm disease. Beaubien highlights Carter's post-presidential humanitarian work that significantly reduced cases worldwide through clean water initiatives. They delve into the lifecycle of the Guinea worm, the people affected, and how collaboration nearly led to eradication, marking a historic achievement akin to smallpox eradication.

Nell Greenfieldboyce, an NPR reporter, dives into the fascinating world of snowflakes and the dubious record of the largest one ever recorded. She discusses the 15-inch snowflake claimed from 1887 and the skepticism surrounding it. A physicist investigates the science behind snowflake formation, exploring what truly defines a snowflake. With personal anecdotes, they unravel the uniqueness of giant snowflakes and celebrate the wonder and joy they bring during winter.

Yasemin Saplakoglu, a science writer at Quanta Magazine, explores the fascinating history and neuroscience of zero. She reveals how zero, first acknowledged in 7th century India, faced skepticism in medieval Europe. The discussion dives into the brain's unique processing of numbers, particularly how we comprehend nothingness versus other values. Yasemin highlights groundbreaking research on how our brain reacts to zero and the complexity of numerical cognition, showcasing the intricate relationship between absence and understanding.

2024 brought significant health stories to the forefront. Topics included the dangers lurking in our drinking water, the resurgence of bird flu, and the rising use of obesity drugs. The impact of extreme heat on public health was also discussed, highlighting the urgent need for climate action. Additionally, fluctuating trust in scientists post-pandemic plays a critical role in public health discourse. These issues are shaping the future as we head into 2025, highlighting the intersections of health, environment, and policy.

Discover the vibrant journey of the thick-billed parrot, the last native U.S. parrot, and its fight against extinction. Conservation groups are rallying communities in sustainable forestry efforts to boost parrot populations. Learn how innovative, solar-powered backpacks are revolutionizing bird tracking, revealing vital insights into their behavior and recovery. This fusion of technology and community advocacy is reshaping perceptions of wildlife preservation in Mexico, sparking hope for these colorful birds.

Squirrels are going rogue in the California Bay Area, ditching their traditional diets to hunt voles! This surprising behavior showcases their adaptability and predatory skills. The podcast dives into the implications of this meaty menu for squirrel populations and even connects it to ancient species and broader ecological shifts. Along the way, there are intriguing thoughts on early humans’ relationships with dogs and wolves, highlighting the deep-rooted bond between species.

The American chestnut tree, once abundant on the eastern seaboard, faced near extinction due to a blight fungus. Scientists are now racing against time to resurrect this keystone species through various methods, including controversial genetic engineering. The emotional and ecological stakes of reviving the tree spark heated debates. As efforts unfold, the podcast explores the historical significance of the chestnut and the profound impact its loss has had on communities. The complexities of restoration highlight the intersection of science, ethics, and environmental conservation.

On Christmas Eve, scientists in Antarctica connect through song via shortwave radio, forming a unique holiday tradition. The fascinating world of shortwave broadcasting is explored, including its global reach and technical simplicity. A young ham radio enthusiast shares their journey from basic transmissions to impactful scientific research. The importance of the ionosphere in communication is highlighted, along with a special initiative where children can chat with Santa, creating a festive atmosphere in the ham radio community.

This week features Mark Drela, an MIT aeronautical engineer and expert in flight mechanics. He explains how airplanes lift off and navigate the skies, demystifying the physics of flight for anxious travelers. Mark discusses the mechanics of lift, comparing it to water skiing and the feel of a hand out of a car window. He reassures listeners about safety, illustrating how aircraft are designed to embrace their natural inclination to fly. By breaking down complex theories, he provides clarity on the wonders of air travel.

Rob Stein, NPR's health correspondent, shares the groundbreaking story of Tawana Looney, the first person to receive a genetically modified pig kidney. Tawana, a resilient grandmother from Alabama, had been on dialysis for years before this pioneering transplant. Stein was present in the operating room, providing an exclusive look at the procedure. They discuss the ethical controversies surrounding animal organ transplants and the potential for this innovation to address the severe shortage of human donors. Tawana's inspiring recovery highlights hope in this medical frontier.