Tracy Borman, Chief Curator at Historic Royal Palaces, and Richard Fitch from the Historic Kitchens Team explore the extravagant Christmas celebrations of Henry VIII. They reveal how the King feasted on lavish dishes like roast swan and venison pasties, famously spending £13 million on festivities. The discussion unveils the complex interplay of festive traditions, from the grandeur of the royal court to the simpler celebrations of commoners, and the essential role of kitchens in Tudor charity and communal dining.

Tim Cook, a leading Canadian historian and director of research at the Canadian War Museum, reveals the harrowing realities faced by medics during WWI. He discusses the dramatic evolution of frontline medicine, showcasing how methods advanced to meet unprecedented battlefield injuries. Cook also highlights personal stories, including a family legacy of medical service, and delves into the ethical dilemmas of wartime practices. The conversation paints a vivid picture of the immense bravery and innovation shown by those who cared for wounded soldiers.

Rachel Maddow, host of the Ultra podcast and MSNBC’s The Rachel Maddow Show, delves into the unsettling rise of fascism in America during the 1920s and 30s. She explores how Nazism infiltrated U.S. politics, the role of propaganda, and the complex dynamics between democracy and isolationism. The discussion highlights lesser-known heroes who fought against fascist sentiments, including a veteran's covert operations exposing extremist groups, offering vital lessons from history that resonate in today’s political climate.

In this discussion, Dr. Frances Macintosh, an English Heritage Collections Curator for Hadrian's Wall and a specialist in Roman traditions, delves into the vibrant Roman festival of Saturnalia. She reveals how its celebrations of feasting and gift-giving shaped our modern Christmas customs. Listeners learn about the playful role reversals during the festival, where masters served slaves, and the wild street parties filled with music and dancing. Dr. Macintosh connects these ancient indulgences with contemporary holiday spirit, showcasing Saturnalia's enduring legacy.

Lindsay Graham, host of the popular American History Tellers podcast, brings his knowledge of the 'Special Relationship' to the discussion. They delve into the pivotal alliance between Churchill and Roosevelt during WWII. Key moments, including Churchill's crucial visit to Washington, reveal how personal dynamics shaped leadership. The impact of journalist Edward R. Murrow on American sentiment during the Blitz adds another layer to their alliance. Churchill's challenges during the D-Day operation highlight the complexities of wartime decision-making and collaboration.

Patrick Wyman, a history expert and host of Tides of History, dives into the monumental clash between the Greeks and Persians that reshaped the ancient world. He reveals the intricate dynamics behind the Battle of Thermopylae and the pivotal role of figures like King Leonidas. The discussion goes beyond mere conflict, examining cultural misunderstandings and the strategic genius at key battles like Marathon and Salamis. Wyman also explores the lasting impact of these encounters on Greek identity and politics.

Stephen Dorril, a former senior journalism lecturer and author of "Blackshirt: Sir Oswald Mosley and British Fascism," dissects the controversial figure of Oswald Mosley. They delve into the rise of British fascism, influenced by anti-Semitic rhetoric and European connections. Dorril explores Mosley's charismatic yet flawed personality, his shifts from Tory roots to Labour ideals, and the impact of key events like the Battle of Cable Street. The conversation also touches on the movement's decline and the complexities surrounding Mosley's legacy.

Dave Roberts, a historian specializing in the WWII commando unit 30 Assault Unit, dives into the fascinating real-life origins of James Bond. He discusses how Ian Fleming's wartime experiences shaped Bond’s character and stories. The conversation unveils the daring operations of 30AU, including capturing an Enigma machine and retrieving crucial intelligence from behind enemy lines. Roberts also highlights the bravery and clever tactics showcased by commandos in covert missions, revealing the blend of history and fiction that influenced Fleming's literary legacy.

Jolene Babyak, a historian and author who lived on Alcatraz during the infamous 1962 escape, shares captivating stories about life on the island and the daring jailbreak. She delves into the intricacies of the escape plan hatched by Frank Morris and the Anglin brothers, and how they managed to vanish into the San Francisco Bay. Jolene also reflects on the notorious inmates like Al Capone and George 'Machine Gun' Kelly, and the historical evolution of Alcatraz from a military fort to America’s most notorious federal prison.

Join historian Joshua Levine, author and historical advisor for the film "Blitz," as he reveals the lesser-known stories of London's Blitz. Explore the raw experiences of everyday Londoners facing relentless bombings, showcasing their extraordinary resilience amidst chaos. Discover the unexpected unity forged among citizens, including an air raid warden challenging racial segregation. Levine sheds light on crime and adaptation during this tumultuous time, highlighting the profound impact on social dynamics and the fight for survival.