Nature Podcast

Smoking's long-term effects on immunity, T-cell response lingers after quitting; Purple smoke from ancient gold explosive, altruistic act by a male elephant seal; Tracking fake papers through authorship analysis; Discovery of ocean on a moon of Saturn

Cancer should be categorized based on molecular and genetic mechanisms instead of body parts. Changing how we name cancers can lead to tailored and efficient treatments. Naming based on organ of origin causes problems with clinical trials and training. A biology-based approach improves patient outcomes. Barriers like cost and perception can be overcome with AI and education. The speakers express gratitude and promote research opportunities.

Using mutations found in cancer cells to enhance the function of therapeutic T cells in targeting solid tumors, how climate change affects high-altitude environmental records in Switzerland, advancements in battery technology for electric vehicles

Experts discuss challenges of eliminating cervical cancer in low and middle income countries, including lack of funding, staffing, and infrastructure. The difficulties of rolling out HPV vaccination and the impact of vaccine hesitancy are examined. The importance of targeting adolescents for vaccination and integrating health interventions is emphasized, as well as the significance of government understanding, reliable data, and advocating for prioritizing adolescent health in addressing cervical cancer.

New genetic analysis reveals that ancient stone tools found in northern Europe were made by Homo sapiens, challenging previous beliefs about who crafted them. The podcast also explores the evolution of mountain ranges without roots, the slow growth of neurons in the human brain, and the potential of gene therapy for treating deafness.

The podcast discusses the prevalence and challenges of long COVID in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the lack of research, awareness, and treatments. It explores economic disparities and healthcare limitations in Brazil, Iran, and South Africa. The podcast also delves into the mechanisms of long COVID, the need for a global approach, and the difficulties of recruiting diverse participants. Additionally, it examines the potential inequalities in accessing treatments in low-income nations and the challenges faced by healthcare systems in providing intensive care.

Researchers demonstrate how red mud can be reused to make iron, reducing carbon emissions in steel production. Highlights: next-generation geothermal power plants, an origami fabric robot, a study on long COVID, updates on Osiris Rex sample container, and Japan's precise moon landing.

AI developed by Google Deepmind solves complex geometry problems by learning basic principles from data. Researchers create a 'hydrospongel' material for soft robotics. Mass predator die-offs have impacts on wider ecosystems. Osiris Rex spacecraft successfully retrieves samples from Bennu asteroid. Oldest fossilized skin fragments discovered. Controversial proposal of assisted migration to endangered habitats.

Researchers develop polar bear-inspired aerogel fibers for insulation. Fossilized remains reveal young Tyrannosaurus's diet. OSIRIS-REx's sample container opening challenges scientists. High number of retractions in scientific publishing in 2023. Surprising survey on cats that fetch.

2024 brings exciting science events, such as measuring neutrino mass and the neural basis of consciousness. Advancements in AI include GPT-5 and Gemini AI. Dark matter and axiones, as well as supercomputer advancements, are discussed. Climate change updates and the court ruling on legal obligations are also highlighted.