The Michael Shermer Show

Join evolutionist Telmo Pievani, a leading thinker in the philosophy of biological sciences, as he delves into the intriguing coexistence of Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. The conversation reveals how hybridization has shaped modern human diversity and health. Discover the complexities of human evolution, the roles of serendipity in science, and the tension between established theories and new anomalies. Pievani also discusses how a deeper understanding of our ancestors reshapes views on race and biology.

John Cassidy, a seasoned staff writer at The New Yorker, dives into the complexities of capitalism and its critics. He sheds light on the paradox of capitalism, revealing its role in both alleviating poverty and exacerbating inequality. The conversation spans China's unconventional economic success and Adam Smith's cautious perspective on free markets. Cassidy discusses the effects of income inequality on democracy and draws parallels between historical exploitations like the East India Company and today's monopolistic trends. It's an eye-opening look at the future of our global economy.

In this enlightening discussion, Dr. Drew Ramsey, a leading voice in nutritional psychiatry and author of 'Healing the Modern Brain,' reveals how our diets impact mental health. He examines the alarming rise of mental health issues, especially among teens, connecting them to social media and modern lifestyles. The conversation also covers the science behind SSRIs, the role of inflammation, and the critical importance of sleep. Listeners gain insights into practical dietary changes that can boost mood and cognitive function.

Jacob Mchangama, founder of the Future of Free Speech and professor at Vanderbilt University, dives into the critical state of free expression today. He discusses the tense clash between free speech and government regulations, especially regarding non-citizens' rights. Mchangama sheds light on influential cases like Ranjani Srinivasan’s deportation for activism, the complexities of social media’s influence on mental health, and how current political climates are shaping attitudes toward free speech globally.

Olga Khazan, a staff writer for The Atlantic and author of *Me, But Better*, dives into the intriguing possibility of changing one’s entire personality within a year. She shares her own transformative experiment, filled with challenges like improv and meditation, showing how intentional actions can lead to genuine change. The conversation spans the science behind personality traits, societal influences, and the complexities of personal happiness. Olga emphasizes the importance of forgiveness and resilience on our journey toward self-improvement.

The ways that statisticians and governments measure the economy were developed in the 1940s, when the urgent economic problems were entirely different from those of today. Diane Coyle argues that the framework underpinning today’s economic statistics is so outdated that it functions as a distorting lens, or even a set of blinkers. When policymakers rely on such an antiquated conceptual tool, how can they measure, understand, and respond with any precision to what is happening in today’s digital economy? Coyle argues that to understand the current economy, we need different data collected in a different framework of categories and definitions, and she offers some suggestions about what this would entail. Diane Coyle is a Professor of Public Policy at the University of Cambridge and author of The Soulful Science: What Economists Really Do and Why it Matters and GDP: A Brief but Affectionate History. Her new book is The Measure of Progress: Counting What Really Matters. Read Diane Coyle’s new article for Skeptic.

David Zweig’s new book An Abundance of Caution (MIT Press) is an account of the decision-making process behind the extended closures of public schools during the pandemic. In fascinating and meticulously reported detail, Zweig shows how some of the most trusted members of society—from Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists to eminent health officials—repeatedly made fundamental errors in their assessment and presentation of evidence. By fall 2020, many students in Europe were already back in classrooms—and so were their peers in private schools in America and in public schools across mostly “red” states and districts. Yet millions of other children across the U.S. remained under extended school closures. Whatever inequities that existed among American children before the pandemic, the selective school closures exacerbated them, disproportionately affecting the underprivileged. Deep mental, physical, and academic harms—among them, depression, anxiety, abuse, obesity, plummeting test scores, and rising drop-out rates—were endured for no discernible benefit. The story of American schools during the pandemic serves as a prism through which to approach fundamental questions about why and how individuals, bureaucracies, governments, and societies act as they do in times of crisis and uncertainty. Ultimately, this book is not about COVID; it’s about being ill-equipped to make decisions under duress. David Zweig is a writer, lecturer, and journalist. His writing has appeared in The Atlantic, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Free Press, and his newsletter, Silent Lunch. He is the author of Invisibles, about the power of embracing anonymous work in a culture obsessed with praise and recognition. His new book is An Abundance of Caution: American Schools, the Virus, and a Story of Bad Decisions.

It’s tempting to see ourselves as damaged or powerless—defined by past traumas, overwhelming emotions, and daily struggles. But is that really the most helpful way to understand ourselves? Does seeing ourselves as victims lead to growth? Psychologist and author Scott Barry Kaufman joins us to examine how popular narratives around sensitivity, self-esteem, and emotional regulation may be holding us back. He unpacks the psychological costs of coddling (vs. empowerment), the rise of risk aversion, and how modern parenting, education, and therapy shape our sense of self. With insight, empathy, and humor, Kaufman offers a timely look at what it really takes to build resilience, choose meaning over comfort, and unlock the full potential of the human spirit. Scott Barry Kaufman is a cognitive psychologist who is among the top 1% most cited scientists in the world for his groundbreaking research on intelligence, creativity, and human potential. He is the host of The Psychology Podcast, which has received more than 30 million downloads and is frequently ranked the #1 psychology podcast in the world. His new book is Rise Above: Overcome a Victim Mindset, Empower Yourself, and Realize Your Full Potential.

Why do ordinary people carry out extraordinary harm when simply told to do so? From the Holocaust to the genocides in Rwanda, Bosnia, and Cambodia, history shows how obedience to authority can lead to unimaginable acts. But what’s happening in the brain when we follow orders—even ones that conflict with our morals? In this episode, we speak with neuroscientist Emilie Caspar, whose groundbreaking research explores how authority influences cognition and behavior. Drawing from real-life accounts of genocide perpetrators and cutting-edge neuroscience, Caspar reveals how obedience can short-circuit independent decision-making—often without us realizing it. Emilie Caspar is a professor at Ghent University, Belgium, where she leads the Moral and Social Brain Lab. She specializes in social neuroscience. Her main research areas focus on obedience and how restricting one’s autonomy and choice options impacts the brain. Her new book is Just Following Orders: Atrocities and the Brain Science of Obedience.

Amanda Knox, author and advocate for criminal justice reform, shares her harrowing story of wrongful conviction and the struggle to reclaim her identity. She discusses themes of resilience, navigating public scrutiny, and the ethics of interrogation techniques that contribute to wrongful accusations. Amanda also delves into restorative justice, emphasizing forgiveness and empathy. Her insights reflect on personal growth through adversity, offering powerful lessons on finding meaning and purpose after trauma.