The Health Effects of Alcohol: Gut Health & Cancer with Dr. Robynne Chutkan & Dr. William Li
Jan 4, 2023
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Dr. Robynne Chutkan and Dr. William Li discuss the effects of alcohol on the body, including gut health, immune system, and microbiome. They debunk alcohol's health benefits, highlight its link to cancer, and explore its impact on skin, hair, and future children. They also discuss the safest amount of alcohol to consume, the impact of alcohol on digestion, and the potential epigenetic effects of alcohol on genes.
Alcohol can have negative effects on the body's digestive system, including altered enzyme production and changes in bowel movements.
Alcohol consumption can disrupt the gut microbiome and compromise immune system function, leading to mood disorders and weakened immune function.
Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of various types of cancers, including esophageal, stomach, and colon cancer, and should be approached with moderation and consideration of individual health factors.
Deep dives
The immediate effects of alcohol on the body
When someone consumes alcohol, the alcohol levels rise in their saliva, which can be higher than in the bloodstream. This can contribute to increased rates of oral and throat cancers due to high alcohol levels in the saliva. Alcohol also affects the digestive system by altering enzyme production, reducing stomach acid, and causing reflux. The effects of alcohol on the body can last for several hours, including dehydration, stomach inflammation, and changes in bowel movements.
Alcohol's impact on the microbiome and immune system
Alcohol can disrupt the communication between gut microbes and immune cells, leading to imbalances in the microbiome and compromising immune system function. The disruption of the gut-brain connection can result in mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. Alcohol's impact on sleep can also affect immune function. Furthermore, alcohol is a bactericidal substance, killing bacteria in the body.
Relationship between alcohol and cancer
Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of various types of cancers, including esophageal, stomach, and colon cancer. Even moderate alcohol consumption can raise the risk of colon cancer by 20%, with heavy consumption increasing the risk by 52%. Alcohol works systemically in the body, affecting the mucosa lining and leading to increased cancer risks in areas exposed to high alcohol levels.
Considerations for alcohol consumption and health
Drinking alcohol should be approached with moderation and a consideration of individual health factors. Factors such as genetics, family history, overall health, and lifestyle choices should be taken into account. Hydration, timing of alcohol consumption, and making healthy food choices can help mitigate some immediate effects. Understanding the risks of alcohol and making informed decisions based on personal health can minimize potential harm.
Alcohol and Resveratrol Consumption
Alcohol consumption should be approached with caution due to its negative impact on health. While drinking a glass of red wine occasionally as part of a celebration may be acceptable, alcohol should not be relied upon for its health benefits. The popular belief in the health benefits of resveratrol, a compound found in wine, is not well-supported. To obtain adequate amounts of resveratrol, one would need to consume excessive amounts of wine, which can be harmful due to the alcohol content. Other sources of resveratrol, such as peanuts and dark chocolate, can be incorporated into the diet without the negative effects of excessive alcohol consumption.
Alcohol and Cancer Risk
Alcohol consumption is a leading risk factor for various types of cancer. Research has shown that the toxins produced by alcohol damage DNA and impair the body's ability to repair itself. This increases the risk of developing cancer, including liver, esophageal, and stomach cancers. Alcohol weakens the immune system, making it less effective in detecting and eliminating cancer cells. It also triggers inflammation, which promotes the growth of cancer cells. Furthermore, alcohol can cause epigenetic changes that may be passed on to future generations. Limiting alcohol consumption or abstaining from it altogether is crucial for reducing the risk of cancer.
Today’s episode is the first in our brand new sober curious series that will be happening over the next three weeks. This week we brought back two of our favorite past guests: board-certified integrative gastroenterologist Dr. Robynne Chutkan and internationally renowned Harvard-trained medical doctor and cancer researcher Dr. William Li. On this episode, we talk about:
how long it takes for the effects of alcohol on the body to go away
the safest amount of alcohol to consume, according to research
how alcohol impacts your microbiome and immune system
the reason you feel sad or anxious the day after drinking
the best healthy foods to eat if you are going to drink alcohol
how world-class doctors approach drinking in their own lives
if cannabis is a good swap for alcohol from a health perspective
the truth about the health benefits in red wine
the link between alcohol and cancer that you need to know about
how drinking can impact your future children
exactly why alcohol makes your skin and hair look worse
and so much more!
We would LOVE to hear from you any thoughts, reactions, or takeaways you have as you’re listening, so definitely screenshot and tag me @lizmoody, Dr. Chutkan @gutbliss, and Dr. Li @drwilliamli on Instagram.
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Healthier Together cover art by Zack. Healthier Together music by Alex Ruimy.