The belief in a moral decline is a psychological illusion that persists despite evidence suggesting otherwise.
Biased exposure and biased memory contribute to the illusion of moral decline, with people paying more attention to negative information and having skewed perceptions of the past.
Deep dives
Perception of Moral Decline
In this podcast episode, the host discusses the perception that people were nicer in the past and how this belief is widespread despite the lack of evidence. The episode explores a study by psychologist Adam Mastriani, who found that people often talk about how everything is worse these days compared to the past. The study reveals that individuals tend to perceive a decline in kindness and trustworthiness over time, even though objective measures suggest otherwise. The perception of moral decline is seen across different age groups, genders, and educational backgrounds. The episode highlights the emotional resonance and power of the narrative that things used to be better, along with the political implications of this belief.
The Illusion of Moral Decline
The podcast delves into the concept of the illusion of moral decline and its psychological underpinnings. The episode explains two cognitive biases that contribute to this illusion: biased exposure and biased memory. Biased exposure refers to people's tendency to pay more attention to negative information and primarily receive negative information about strangers. Biased memory, on the other hand, suggests that negative memories fade faster than positive ones, leading to a skewed perception of the past. While societal changes like declining social trust and disconnection might contribute to feelings of disconnection and despair, people often misattribute these changes to a decline in morality. The episode emphasizes that this illusion persists despite evidence to the contrary.
Personal Experience vs. Perception
The podcast explores how personal experiences can shape individual perceptions of moral decline. The episode highlights how people's feelings about the decline often differ when considering those they personally know versus the general public. The study suggests that people tend to think the decline is happening with strangers and society at large, while those closer to them are perceived as getting better over time. This discrepancy showcases the influence of personal connections on individuals' perceptions. The episode raises the question of whether increased social interactions and community involvement could lead to a more positive outlook and challenge the narrative of moral decline.
A lot of people are plagued by the feeling that society used to be better, that neighbors were more helpful, that strangers once talked to you. Some people channel that belief into political action, as in the Make America Great Again movement. A new study explains why the sense that people and the culture have gotten worse is a psychological illusion. This special episode features Hanna Rosin, the host of Radio Atlantic. Subscribe and find new episodes of Radio Atlantic every Thursday.