Researcher Dominic D'Agostino delves into ketosis and the ketogenic diet, discussing their effects on diabetes, brain health, exercise performance, and cancer. They explore metabolic health biomarkers, medication interactions, and the bias towards carbohydrate-centric diets. The conversation also touches on the therapeutic applications of ketosis, including its potential benefits for neuropsychiatric diseases and migraines.
Transitioning to whole foods can improve metabolic health.
Mainstream dietary guidelines conflict with evidence supporting low-carb diets for insulin resistance.
Ketogenic diets show promise in managing psychiatric conditions and brain health.
Deep dives
Growing Research Interest in Ketogenic Diet and Brain Health
Research on ketogenic diets has seen a significant surge, with a focus on its various mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress, altering neurotransmitter balance, impacting NAD levels, reducing inflammation, and influencing epigenetic signaling. Clinical trials have expanded in areas like cancer cachexia, muscle wasting, and metabolic health. The research landscape is rapidly evolving with nearly 490 clinical trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov, indicating an exponential increase in research interest and potential insights to come.
Shift in Dietary Recommendations Towards Lower Carbohydrate Intake
Current dietary guidelines often advocate for a carbohydrate-centric diet, with processed foods and hyperpalatable options dominating many people's daily caloric intake. The emphasis on reducing processed food consumption and gradually transitioning towards single-ingredient whole foods is highlighted as a key step to improve metabolic health. Continuous glucose monitoring is recommended as a behavioral tool to help individuals understand the direct impact of processed foods on their glucose levels and insulin response.
Challenges with Standard Dietary Guidelines for Diabetes and Insulin Resistance
Mainstream dietary recommendations from institutions like the American Diabetes Association tend to lean towards higher carbohydrate diets, conflicting with the benefits observed in metabolic health and insulin resistance management through lower carbohydrate or ketogenic approaches. The discrepancy in guidelines versus the growing body of evidence supporting carbohydrate restriction for improved glycemic control and metabolic health poses challenges in shifting dietary norms towards more tailored approaches based on individual responses.
Expanding Clinical Trials and Research Focus in Brain Health and Ketogenic Diets
The research landscape in brain health and ketogenic diets is rapidly expanding, with a strong emphasis on the potential therapeutic applications of ketogenic diets for various psychiatric conditions such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Clinical trials showcasing the benefits of ketogenic diets in metabolic psychiatry and in mental health conditions highlight a growing interest in understanding the role of nutrition in brain function and overall cognitive well-being.
Ketogenic Diets and Anorexia Treatment with Ketamine
Using ketogenic diets in conjunction with ketamine shows promise in managing anorexia. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of this approach, and research on ketamine-related drugs like dual GLP1 NMDA receptor antagonists is ongoing, offering new insights into potential treatments for anorexia.
Ketogenic Diets and Brain Function
Ketogenic diets impact brain function by modifying the excitatory inhibitory balance, particularly affecting the ratio of gamma to glutamate. This balance is crucial for brain function, with ketosis enhancing the conversion of glutamate to GABA. Ketones in ketosis preserve mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress, and impact neurotransmitter systems, offering a comprehensive approach to enhancing brain energy metabolism and restoring neurotransmitter balance.
About the guest: Dominic D'Agostino, PhD is a researcher and professor at the University of South Florida, where his lab studies metabolism, human biology, and related subjects.
Episode summary: Nick and Dr. D'Agostino discuss: ketosis and the ketogenic diet; effects of ketosis on diabetes, insulin resistance & metabolic health; effects on brain & mental health; relationship with exercise performance; cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides & other biomarkers; cancer; and more.
*This content is never meant to serve as medical advice.
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