European Enlightenment was influenced by Native American critiques, leading to the birth of the 'intellectual left'.
Hierarchy in decision-making can lead to exploitation, impacting societal organization and political movements.
Deep dives
Critiquing the Book 'Dawn of Everything'
The episode discusses the upcoming book 'Dawn of Everything' by David Graeber and David Wengrow, highlighting its stimulating content that poses important questions. While the book is praised for its engaging approach, it is also criticized for providing some wrong answers that could negatively impact political movements and intelligence.
Influence of Native Americans on European Enlightenment
Greber and Wengrow point out the significant impact Native Americans had on European Enlightenment ideas of individual liberty and equality. European encounters with Native Americans led to a questioning of established social hierarchies and religious beliefs, influencing European perspectives on societal organization and inspiring critiques of their own society.
Hierarchy in Decision-Making Power
The episode delves into the concept of hierarchy specifically in political contexts, emphasizing the power dynamics of decision-making. It discusses how economic inequality translates into decision-making inequality, highlighting the role of hierarchies in efficient group cooperation and the potential for exploitation of those at the bottom of the hierarchy.
Defending Hierarchies and Evolution of Political Ideologies
The episode explores contrasting views on hierarchy and equality expressed by various historical figures and movement ideologies. It critiques the justifications for hierarchies presented by figures like Torgo, highlighting debates on the evolution of social complexity and the implications of shifting societal values on political and economic structures.
The European Enlightenment was heavily influenced by Native American critiques of European culture.
That European intellectuals reacted against this by developing the theory of “stages of human progress” where we went from from egalitarian hunter-gatherers to pastoralists to farmers to market civilization.
That Jean-Jacques Rousseau synthesized the Native American critique and the stages of progress theory into a seemingly egalitarian critique of European social hierarchies which resigns us to accept hierarchy as the price of civilization.
That this synthesis was the birth of the “intellectual left”.
That the concept of human equality has no meaning and should be discarded [these guys *really* needed to listen to this podcast before writing this…]
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