Alexa is in Millions of Homes and Amazon is Losing Billions
Jul 31, 2024
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Dana Mattioli, an investigative journalist, sheds light on Amazon's staggering financial losses from their Alexa devices, totaling over $25 billion from 2017 to 2021. She reveals how Amazon priced Echo devices below cost to encourage adoption. Mattioli also discusses user frustrations with Alexa for shopping, including misorders, and highlights the complex internal accounting that has kept these losses hidden. As the focus shifts to profitability, she poses critical questions about Alexa's future in Amazon's evolving strategy.
Amazon's Alexa devices have accumulated over $25 billion in losses since 2017, raising concerns about the company's profitability strategies.
Despite widespread adoption of 500 million units, Alexa has failed to monetize effectively due to user engagement primarily in non-revenue-generating tasks.
Deep dives
The Financial Burden of Alexa
Amazon’s Alexa devices have incurred significant financial losses, amounting to over $25 billion from 2017 to 2021. Despite the widespread adoption of these devices, which number over 500 million globally, they are not generating any profit for the company. The initial strategy focused on getting the products into consumers' homes with an emphasis on future monetization, which has not materialized as planned. These losses have become a pressing concern for Amazon as it seeks to rectify its approach and improve profitability within its devices division.
Genesis and Evolution of Alexa
The concept for Alexa originated from Jeff Bezos's admiration for Star Trek's futuristic technology, leading to the development of a voice assistant that could interact with users. Alexa was officially launched alongside the Echo speaker in 2014, starting with a limited rollout that quickly proved successful as demand soared. Amazon priced the Echo at or below cost to encourage adoption, aiming to prioritize market penetration over immediate profits. The expectation was that once in consumers' homes, Alexa would facilitate interaction with Amazon's broader services, particularly in e-commerce.
Challenges in Monetization and Downstream Impact
Amazon has struggled to effectively monetize Alexa, as users primarily engage with the device for non-revenue-generating tasks like setting timers and playing music. Attempts to enhance the shopping experience through voice commands have proved cumbersome, often leading to frustration with the options presented. The internal metric called Downstream Impact (DSI) has allowed the devices team to claim revenue linked to purchases made via Alexa, masking the financial losses. However, this approach has come under scrutiny, especially after a leadership change when Amazon's new CEO emphasized the need for profitability without relying on DSI as justification.
After ten years of sales, 500 million Amazon smart devices have found their way into homes around the world. But the company is losing billions of dollars on the devices. WSJ’s Dana Mattioli discovered an accounting tool that’s kept the huge losses under wraps.