The podcast explores the history and impact of index funds and passive investing on the investment industry, highlighting the pioneers and key figures involved.
The episode discusses the evolving landscape of financial media, emphasizing the role of social media and the need for criticism and accountability in journalism.
The podcast addresses the challenges and considerations associated with passive investing, including the proliferation of questionable ETFs and concentration among index providers.
Deep dives
The Rise of Passive Investing and Index Funds
This podcast episode explores the history and growth of index funds and passive investing. It delves into the early pioneers of index funds, such as Louis Bachelier, and their contributions to the development of the concept. The episode also highlights the skepticism towards index funds in their early days and the eventual conversion of key figures like Jack Bogle. It discusses the impact of index funds on the investment industry, particularly in terms of cost savings and pressure on investment fees. Additionally, the episode addresses potential risks and considerations associated with passive investing, including the proliferation of questionable ETFs, the concentration of power among index providers, and the growing influence of proxy vote advisers. Overall, the episode provides a comprehensive overview of the factors shaping the world of passive investing and index funds.
The Evolution of Financial Media and Journalism
The podcast episode also touches on the changing landscape of financial media and journalism. It emphasizes the emergence of new sources of information, such as Twitter, and the impact of social media on news dissemination. The speaker highlights the value of criticism in journalism and the role of social media in fostering accountability. The episode portrays the shift towards digital news platforms, with the FT Alphaville being an example. It discusses the unique features and advantages of Alphaville, such as its freedom to present information in various formats and its ability to cover underappreciated topics effectively. Furthermore, the podcast explores the role of financial journalism during significant events like the financial crisis and the Eurozone crisis, emphasizing the complexity of covering finance, economics, politics, and geopolitics simultaneously.
Key Players and Factors in the Growth of Passive Investing
The podcast episode highlights the contributions of key players and factors in the growth of passive investing. It mentions figures like Jean Fama, Rex Sinquefield, and Larry Fink, who have played significant roles in shaping the industry. The episode discusses the impact of academic research on efficient markets theory and the growth of index funds. It also explores the role of major players like Vanguard and BlackRock in promoting passive investing. The episode touches on the benefits of passive investing, such as cost reduction, but also raises awareness about potential risks, including the proliferation of questionable ETFs and concerns about concentration among index providers. Additionally, it addresses the growing influence of proxy vote advisers and the potential ramifications of the dominance of a few index fund giants in the market.
Challenges and Considerations in Passive Investing
The podcast episode highlights various challenges and considerations associated with passive investing. It raises concerns about the proliferation of ETFs, especially those with leverage and tracking error. It emphasizes the importance of investor awareness and due diligence in navigating the ETF market. The episode also discusses the debate around the impact of passive investing on market efficiency, pointing out that while micro-level effects can be observed in certain sectors and individual stocks, there is limited evidence of overall market inefficiency caused solely by passive investing. Additionally, it underscores the need to address risks associated with concentration among index providers and the growing size and influence of index fund giants. It encourages a critical and balanced approach to evaluating the benefits and potential downsides of passive investing.
Technology and the Transformation of Finance
The podcast episode explores the transformative role of technology in the financial industry, particularly in the growth of passive investing. It highlights the use of technology in driving down trading costs and investment fees, making investing more accessible to a wider audience. The episode discusses the significant impact of technology companies like Vanguard and BlackRock and their utilization of technology to achieve cost reductions and scale. It also emphasizes the continuous evolution of technology in finance, pointing out the digitization and electronification of fixed income markets as an example. Overall, the episode underscores the positive effects of technology on cost reduction and efficiency in the industry while acknowledging the need for thoughtful consideration of the broader implications and risks associated with its widespread adoption.
With a curious mind and keen desire to learn how things work, Robin Wigglesworth has always found the complexity of financial markets fascinating. Now the editor of the well-regarded Alphaville markets blog, Robin has been with the Financial Times since 2008 and through this period he’s covered episodes of crisis in traditional markets, and more recently, within the cryptocurrency realm. Robin shares his perspectives on how vastly the terrain has shifted in the delivery of financial media, pointing to the emergence of Twitter as a source of important information. In Robin’s words, “journalism is best when it is quite heavily criticized”.
The balance of our conversation is about Robin’s excellent book, “Trillions”, a deep dive into the history of index funds and the massive growth in passive investing. Through his work we learn of the key developments and the key people whose contributions led to the juggernaut that is passive indexation today. Laying out the early academic research that called into question the notion that active management consistently generated alpha, Robin walks through the initial, inauspicious attempts to create vehicles that simply bought the market. With a view that the massive growth in passive investing is a very positive development, Robin reflects on some of the risks. In addition to the proliferation of questionable ETFs, he cites concentration – among the money managers, among the index providers and even the proxy vote advisors – as considerations to keep an eye on.
I hope you enjoy this episode of the Alpha Exchange, my conversation with Robin Wigglesworth.
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