Anxious Generation: how to tackle a mental health pandemic
Mar 12, 2025
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In this discussion, Jonathan Haidt, a social psychologist from NYU-Stern and author of The Anxious Generation, delves into the mental health crisis affecting today's youth. He reveals how the rise of smartphones and social media has fueled anxiety and depression, particularly among teenage girls. Haidt advocates for phone-free schools to foster genuine interactions and improve learning. He also highlights the paradox of digital connectivity leading to loneliness and offers guidelines for healthy tech use to support children's mental health.
The rise of smartphones and social media has fundamentally reshaped youth development, significantly increasing anxiety and depression rates among children globally.
Implementing societal norms such as delaying smartphone access and encouraging real-world interactions can help mitigate the negative mental health impacts on youth.
Deep dives
The Impact of Technology on Youth Development
There is a critical examination of how the rapid adoption of smartphones and social media since 2010 has fundamentally altered youth development. The introduction of high-speed internet and addictive technologies has created a significant shift in how children interact and socialize, leading to increased levels of anxiety and depression among them. This transformation, referred to as the 'great rewiring,' has resulted in a generation that is more anxious and less capable of face-to-face interactions, partly due to the excessive time they spend staring at screens rather than engaging with their peers. The book emphasizes that children have been overprotected in real-world experiences while being underprotected in their online interactions, which has significant implications for their mental health.
Myth of the Moral Panic
The discussion challenges the notion that concerns over the mental health impacts of screen time are merely a moral panic, arguing instead that this time is different due to the scale and nature of technology's effects. Unlike previous generations that had more regulated media consumption, children today can access an overwhelming amount of digital content continuously, leading to heightened anxiety and social isolation. Evidence from various studies reinforces that the mental health decline is not isolated to one country but is observed globally, with a distinct increase in anxiety and depression, particularly among young females. This collective evidence underlines the serious need for change in how society approaches technology consumption for young people.
Proposed Norms for a Healthier Digital Environment
To address the challenges faced by today's youth, the suggestion includes implementing four key norms aimed at mitigating the negative impacts of smartphones and social media. These norms advocate for not introducing smartphones before the age of 14, delaying social media access until the age of 16, establishing phone-free schools, and encouraging increased opportunities for free play and real-world independence. The proposed changes are not just recommended actions for parents; they call for a collective societal effort to create a supportive environment where children can thrive without the constant distraction of screens. By following these norms, there is hope for fostering healthier developmental practices that enable children to engage more authentically with their peers and the world around them.
In The Anxious Generation, Jonathan Haidt says there is clear evidence that giving children smart phones with addictive social media has caused a mental health pandemic.
The NYU-Stern social psychologist, who also wrote The Happiness Hypothesis, spoke to us at the Annual Meeting 2025 in Davos.