#60 - Skeletal muscle aging and mitochondria: thinking beyond the powerhouse with Dr Russell Hepple

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Aug 19, 2023

Dr Russell Hepple, an expert on muscle mitochondria, discusses the importance of mitochondrial permeability in aging, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and muscle dystrophies. Topics include reactive oxygen species production during exercise, elevated calcium levels, and the role of cyclophilin D. The podcast also explores the impact of diabetes, cancer, and chemotherapy on mitochondrial function, and highlights the potential benefits of exercise in protecting muscle from damage.

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Introduction

00:00 • 2min

Mitochondria: Functions Beyond Energy Production

02:00 • 21min

Understanding Ischemia Reperfusion Injury and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition

23:21 • 3min

Understanding the Role of Cyclophilin D and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Muscle Health

26:48 • 3min

Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Skeletal Muscle Aging

29:56 • 13min

Calcium Precipitation and Skeletal Muscle Aging

42:30 • 9min

Mitochondrial Alterations and Permeability Transition in Cancer

51:34 • 10min

Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Russell Hepple from the University of Florida, USA. He is an expert on muscle mitochondria. We tend to think of the mitochondria as the powerhouse of the cell. As Russ clearly explains there is a lot more going on than only this. It is very important that the inner mitochondrial membrane remains impermeable. However, there are situations such as aging, ischemia reperfusion injury, muscle dystrophies and perhaps cancer/chemotherapy where calcium and reactive oxygen species can build up and affect this permeability. This mitochondrial permeability transition is a major focus of Russell’s research. Very interesting work and an informative chat. Russell does very well to simplify a complicated area of research. Twitter: @HeppleRuss
0:00. Introduction
1:50. The mitochondria beyond “the powerhouse”
3:30. Free radicals/reactive oxygen species can be good
4:50. ROS production at rest and during exercise
7:50. Chronically elevation of ROS
8:55. Inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable
10:30. Elevated calcium levels in the cell/mitochondria
15:40. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
17:40. Swelling and rupture of mitochondria
20:10. What causes the increase in calcium etc/aging
23:40. Ischemia reperfusion injury during a heart attack
26:00. Cyclophilin D, calcium and mitochondrial permeability transition
28:30. Muscular dystrophy and mitochondrial permeability transition
31:15. Interactions between calcium and ROS
35:00. Diabetes and mitochondrial permeability transition
37:00. Aging and mitochondrial function/volume (sex differences)
42:35. Can calcium precipitate in the cell?
43:53. Can assume skeletal muscle responds similarly to other cells
47:00. Aging and mitochondrial permeability transition
48:55. Aging and the neuromuscular junction
51:58. Deinnervation and the muscle endplate
54:58. Cancer and mitochondrial permeability transition
57:35. Chemotherapy and mitochondrial permeability transition
1:00:15. Takeaway messages
1:01:49. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
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Not medical advice