Case marking and roll marking

The podcast episode discusses the concept of roll marking in languages and how different languages split up the function of semantic roles. It explains how subject, agent, and patient roles can be marked differently in various languages depending on their alignment system, such as ergative-absolutive or nominative-accusative. The episode emphasizes the importance of understanding lexical aspect and how it interacts with case choices to construct grammatically correct sentences. It also explores different strategies for case marking, including syntax, verb marking, and the use of case markers or adpositions.