

Defense in Depth
David Spark, Steve Zalewski, Geoff Belknap
Defense in Depth promises clear talk on cybersecurity’s most controversial and confusing debates. Once a week we choose one controversial and popular cybersecurity debate and use the InfoSec community’s insights to lead our discussion.
Episodes
Mentioned books

Sep 25, 2025 • 38min
How Can Security Vendors Better Stand Out?
Join Jason Tall, CISO at Luminis Health, as he unpacks the challenges security vendors face in a crowded market. He discusses the difference between 'best' and 'best fit' in vendor selection. Integration issues and legacy systems can stifle innovation, while trusted VAR relationships play a pivotal role in market traction. Jason emphasizes the importance of no-cost proofs of value and risk aversion among buyers, advocating for transparency and trust to foster better sales practices.

6 snips
Sep 18, 2025 • 31min
What New Risks Does AI Introduce?
Kara Sprague, CEO of HackerOne and an expert in AI security, delves into the complex world of AI risks. She emphasizes the need for new governance to manage the unique challenges posed by AI, such as shadow AI and identity issues. The discussion highlights the importance of red teaming for ongoing security testing and how the rapid adoption of AI necessitates clear guidelines for safe usage. Kara also advocates for defining risk appetites and establishing 'paved paths' to channel AI experimentation effectively.

9 snips
Sep 11, 2025 • 29min
The Pattern of Early Adoption of Security Tools
Edward Contreras, CISO at Frost Bank, and Hadas Cassorla, CISO and reporter for CISO Series, tackle the intricate world of cybersecurity adoption. They highlight how small to medium-sized businesses struggle with security tools while larger companies dominate the landscape. The duo discusses the 'security poverty line' and the challenges startups face in gaining market traction. Strategies for enhancing adoption through simplified solutions and the critical role of managed service providers are also explored, making for a compelling listen.

Sep 4, 2025 • 31min
How Are You Managing the Flow of AI Data
All links and images can be found on CISO Series. Check out this post for the discussion that is the basis of our conversation on this week’s episode co-hosted by David Spark, the producer of CISO Series, and Geoff Belknap. Joining us is our sponsored guest Mokhtar Bacha, founder and CEO, Formal. In this episode: Access management faces transformation AI agents demand new authentication paradigms AI complexity demands simplified governance approaches Data-centric identity management replaces role-based approaches Huge thanks to our sponsor, Formal Formal secures humans, AI agent’s access to MCP servers, infrastructure, and data stores by monitoring and controlling data flows in real time. Using a protocol-aware reverse proxy, Formal enforces least-privilege access to sensitive data and APIs, ensuring AI behavior stays predictable and secure. Visit joinformal.com to learn more or schedule a demo.

Aug 28, 2025 • 32min
How to Deal with Last Minute Compliance Requirements
Pukar Hamal, founder and CEO of SecurityPal, shares insights on navigating the fast-paced world of security compliance. He discusses the need for businesses to embrace compliance as a growth opportunity rather than an obstacle. The conversation highlights the importance of strategic planning, effective communication, and the balance between security and business priorities. Pukar also explores the role of innovative tools like SecurityPal AI in streamlining compliance processes and bridging gaps in security, all while training future cybersecurity talent.

10 snips
Aug 21, 2025 • 32min
Do You Have a Functional Policy or Did You Just Write One?
Pukar Hamal, founder and CEO of SecurityPal, shares insights on aligning security with business objectives. He discusses the challenges cybersecurity teams face with compliance and the importance of executive support. The conversation highlights how to navigate security policies amidst business needs while transforming barriers into growth opportunities. Listeners discover innovative strategies for enhancing compliance and fostering a proactive security culture. Hamal emphasizes simplifying security frameworks to focus on business expansion and bridge the cybersecurity talent gap.

5 snips
Aug 14, 2025 • 34min
Where are We Struggling with Zero Trust
Rob Allen, Chief Product Officer at ThreatLocker, discusses the challenges of implementing Zero Trust security. He highlights how legacy infrastructure hinders progress and the complexity of shifting to new security models. The conversation also touches on the human factors involved, underscoring the need for user-friendly security to address resistance. Allen emphasizes that Zero Trust isn't a one-time fix but a transformative mindset that balances protection with organizational needs.

4 snips
Aug 7, 2025 • 31min
Cybersecurity Has a Prioritization Problem
Terry O'Daniel, former CISO at Amplitude, shares insights on the crucial topic of cybersecurity prioritization. He emphasizes the need to align security strategies with actual business risks, advocating for better stakeholder engagement. O'Daniel discusses the difference between metrics and actionable measurements, stressing the importance of a proactive approach in security culture. He also highlights the need for effective communication and context in identifying critical assets, while encouraging the development of mature roles within security leadership.

Jul 31, 2025 • 30min
How Can AI Provide Useful Guidance from Fragmented Security Data?
Matt Eberhart, CEO of Query AI, leads a Federated Search and Analytics platform that optimizes security data management. He discusses the crucial importance of data quality over sheer volume in AI-driven decision-making. The conversation touches on the connectivity challenges faced by security teams and highlights how graph-based models can enhance AI applications. Eberhart emphasizes the transformative potential of AI in reducing burdensome workflows, enabling analysts to focus on strategic insights instead of repetitive tasks.

Jul 24, 2025 • 29min
Why Salespeople's Knowledge of Cybersecurity Is Critical for the Ecosystem
Join Jason Thomas, Senior Director of Technology, Security, Governance, and Risk at the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, as he dives into the crucial intersection of sales and cybersecurity. He discusses the 'trust deficit' in client relationships and the business accountability gap that plagues the industry. Jason emphasizes the need for sales professionals to enhance their technical knowledge and communication skills to build lasting trust. He critiques ineffective sales tactics and advocates for a more strategic approach to cybersecurity sales.