This Week in Virology

TWiV reviews a Lassa virus mRNA vaccine that confers protection against disease without inducing neutralizing antibodies, and a CRISPR-based method for engineering the genome of RNA viruses. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Brianne Barker, and Angela Mingarelli Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) Virologist Bob Lamb dies (Northwestern Now) Lassa virus mRNA vaccine (Nat Commun) CRISPR engineering of RNA viruses (Sci Adv) Letters read on TWiV 1045 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Angela – More than 5,000 new species discovered in Pacific deep-sea mining hotspot (journal article) Brianne – The story of our universe may be starting to unravel Rich – Sunlight Changes Unequally All Year Long Alan – Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking Vincent – The Farm at the Javits Center Listener Pick Asal – Ig Nobel Prizes honor zombie spiders, rock-licking scientists, and a clever commode Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of coadministration of COVID-19 and Influenza vaccines, interim effectiveness estimates of 2023 southern hemisphere influenza vaccines in preventing Influenza-associated hospitalizations, genome-wide association study of susceptibility to RSV hospitalization in young children Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of coadministration of COVID-19 and Influenza vaccines (JAMA) Effectiveness estimates of Influenza vaccines in preventing associated hospitalizations (CDC) Genome-wide association study of susceptibility to RSV hospitalization in children (JID) Performance of rapid antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection (AIN) Safety and immunogenicity of XBB.1.5-containing mRNA vaccines (medRxiv) C.D.C. director explains why you should get the latest Covid booster (Nytimes) Optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids in COVID-19 treatment (OFID) Timing and predictors of loss of infectivity among healthcare workers with COVID-19 (CID) Effect of famotidine on cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions induced in post-COVID-19 infection (JPR) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1044 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

From the European Society for Clinical Virology meeting in Milan, Vincent speaks with Marion Koopmans about COVID-19, Mpox, H5N1 and polio, and the promise of a One Health approach to prevent outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Marion Koopmans Click arrow to play Download TWiV 1043 (45 MB .mp3, 62 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) SARS-CoV-2 variants in Rotterdam wastewater (Sci Tot Environ) SARS-CoV-2 in mink and other animals (Transbound Emerg Dis) Mpox in Netherlands (EuroSurveill) Divergent SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patient (Emerg Inf Dis) Accelerated SARS-CoV-2 evolution in deer (Nat Commun) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses China's health authorities fighting surge in cases of Mpox unknown origin, analysis of seasonal variation of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract diagnoses in primary care practices, prevalence and associated outcomes of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, comparison of bivalent and monovalent mRNA vaccine boosters, optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids in COVID-19 treatment, acute blood biomarker profiles predict cognitive deficits 6 and 12 months after COVID-19 hospitalization, temporal changes in fecal microbiota of patients infected with COVID-19, and long-term survival after intensive care for COVID-19. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode China's health authorities fight surge in cases of unknown origin (BMJ) Analysis of seasonal variation of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract diagnoses (ASHE) Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza (IJID) Comparison of bivalent and monovalent mRNA vaccine boosters (CID) Optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids in COVID-19 treatment (OFID) Acute blood biomarker profiles predict cognitive deficits after COVID-19 hospitalization (Nature) Temporal changes in fecal microbiota of patients infected with COVID-19 (BMC) Long-term survival after intensive care for COVID-19 (AIC) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1042 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Vincent speaks with Raul and Kostya about the development of novel oral polio vaccine from the Sabin type 2 strain, its deployment in over 600 million children, and whether it can lead to eradication of poliomyelitis. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Raul Andino and Kostya Chumakov Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) Engineering OPV (Cell Host Microbe) Poliopolis (Lancet) nOPV2 (Polioeradication.org) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the public health significance of finding autochthonous melioidosis cases in the continental United States, human neural larva migrans caused by Ophidascaris robertsi ascarid, Project nextgen awards over $1.4 billion to develop the future of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics, excess all-cause mortality in China after ending the zero COVID policy, international pediatric COVID-19 severity over the course of the pandemic, differences in SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and cellular immune responses after contralateral and ipsilateral COVID-19 vaccination, Pfizer and BioNTech receive positive CHMP opinion for Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 vaccine in the European Union, clinical antiviral efficacy of Remdesivir in COVID-19, optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids in COVID-19 treatment, clinical outcomes associated with overestimation of oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, risk of autoimmune diseases following COVID-19 and the potential protective effect from vaccination. Click arrow to play Download TWiV 1040 (19 MB .mp3, 27 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Public health significance of finding autochthonous melioidosis cases (PLOS) Human neural larva migrans caused by Ophidascaris robertsi ascarid (EID) Project nextgen awards over $1.4 billion to develop the future of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics (HHS) Excess all-cause mortality in China after ending the zero COVID policy (JAMA) International pediatric COVID-19 severity over the course of the pandemic (JAMA) Differences in SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination (eBioMedicine) Pfizer/BioNTech receive positive CHMP opinion for COVID-19 vaccine in the EU (Pfizer) Clinical antiviral efficacy of Remdesivir in COVID-19 (JID) Optimal duration of systemic corticosteroids in COVID-19 treatment (OFID) Clinical outcomes associated with overestimation of oxygen saturation in patients with COVID-19 (JAMA) Risk of autoimmune diseases following COVID-19 and the potential protective effect from vaccination (eClinicalMedicine) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1040 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV describes how a viral capsid protein activates a bacterial innate immune system that interferes with protein synthesis, and human-associated redondoviruses that infect the commensal protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Jolene Ramsey Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) Anti-phage defense via capsid detection (Nature) Redondoviruses infect commensal amoebae (Cell Host Micro) A host for redondoviruses (Nat Rev Micro) Letters read on TWiV 1039 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – "Cosmic Time Machine" Netflix documentary Kathy – Antarctican accents Rich – Cymothoa exigua, or the tongue-eating louse, Week of wonder: The case for preserving parasites Jolene – Perspective article on best practices for improving graduate admissions Vincent – Why Chandrayaan-3 landed near the moon's south pole — and why everyone else wants to get there too Listener Picks Douglas – On Climate Change and (Active) Climate Management Matt – This Scientist Tracked Bats for Decades and Solved a Mystery About a Deadly Disease Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses modeling poliovirus transmission and responses in New York State, FDA approves first vaccine for pregnant individuals to prevent RSV in infants, prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Nirmatrelvir resistance – de novo E166V/L50V mutations in an immunocompromised patient treated with prolonged nirmatrelvir/ritonavir monotherapy leading to clinical and virological treatment failure, incidence of new-onset hypertension post–COVID-19: comparison with influenza, and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Modeling poliovirus transmission and responses in New York State (JID) FDA approves first vaccine for pregnant individuals to prevent RSV in infants (FDA) Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines (CDC) De novo E166V/L50V mutations in an immunocompromised patient treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (CID) Incidence of new-onset hypertension post–COVID-19 (Hypertension) Postacute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years (Nature Medicine) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1038 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews evidence that symptomatic adenovirus infection leads to thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and production of anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies similar to the rare disorder seen after immunization with adenoviral vectored COVID-19 vaccines, and a monoclonal antibody isolated from a SARS survivor, following vaccination with a SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine, that neutralizes a broad collection of ACE2-binding sarbecoviruses. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) VITT-like disorder after adenovirus infection (NEJM) The clot thickens (TWiV 842) Lessons from VITT (Nat Rev Immunol) Pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing mAb (Sci Adv) Letters read on TWiV 1037 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Rho Ophiuchi nebula showing massive star formation. James Webb Space Telescope Brianne – Question Mark in Space? Kathy – Quammen interview with Walter Isaacson Rich – Chrome Music Lab Vincent – Matters Microbial Listener Picks Tom – The (second) deadliest virus Charles – We Will All Go Together When We Go and So Long Mom (A Song for World War III) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses Florida local transmission of dengue cases reported in Broward and Miami-Dade counties, infants admitted to US intensive care units for RSV infection during the 2022 seasonal peak, long-term risk of death and readmission after hospital admission with COVID-19 among older adults, safety profile and clinical and virological outcomes of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir treatment in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and COVID-19, Fluvoxamine vs placebo for outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19, the effect of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and anticoagulants on the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome in COVID-19 hospitalized patients 6 months after discharge, long COVID and significant activity limitation among adults, incidence of diabetes following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong, and diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection: Incidence, persistence, and implications of COVID-19 vaccination. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Florida local transmission of dengue cases (Outbreak News) Infants admitted to US ICU for RSV infection (JAMA) Long term risk of death and readmission after hospital admission with COVID-19 (BMJ) Outcomes of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Treatment in patients with Kidney disease and COVID-19 (CID) Fluvoxamine vs placebo for outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19 (OFID) The effect of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and anticoagulants on the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome in hospitalized patients (CEM) Long COVID and significant activity limitation among adults (CDC) Incidence of Diabetes following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection (PLOS) Diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection (BMJ) Contribute to our Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1036 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv