This Week in Virology

From the European Society for Clinical Virology meeting in Milan, Vincent speaks with Eeva Broberg about her career and her work at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Heli Harvala Guest: Eeva Broberg Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Global Scholar Travel Awards (ASV) Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Emerging echovirus 30 in Europe (Emerg Inf Dis) RSV surveillance (Eur Resp J) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses developmental impairment in children exposed during pregnancy to maternal SARS-COV2, vagus nerve dysfunction in the post-COVID-19 condition, and humoral immunity to an endemic coronavirus is associated with postacute sequelae of COVID-19 in individuals with rheumatic diseases, incidence and burden of long COVID in Africa. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Developmental impairment in children exposed during pregnancy to maternal SARS-COV2 (IJID) Vagus nerve dysfunction in the post-COVID-19 condition (CMI) Humoral immunity to an endemic coronavirus is associated with postacute sequelae of COVID-19 in those with rheumatic diseases (STM) Incidence and burden of long COVID in Africa (Nature) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

On this all-bacteriophage episode, TWiV explains the 'vampire phage', and and how mammalian cells internalize phage particles and utilize them to enhance cell growth and survival. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Jolene Ramsey Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Global Scholar Travel Awards (ASV) Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) The New City by Dickson Despommier Gerd Sutter passes (LMU) Avian influenza A (H5N1) Cambodia (WHO) CWD expands in Montana (CIDRAP) National Wastewater Surveillance System (CDC) Vampire phage paper (ISME J) UMBC phage hunters (UBMC) Vampire viruses prey on other viruses (Conversation) Phage internalized by mammalian cells (PLoS Biol) Phage uptake by mammalian cells (iScience) Phage-mammalian cell interactions (Ann Rev Virol) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Biden skips climate summit (NY Times) Rich – Lilium electric VTOL jet Alan – The Far Land, by Brandon Presser Jolene – Bacteriophage T4 infection watercolor painting by David Goodsell Vincent – Using narratives and storytelling to communicate science with nonexpert audiences Listener Picks Darach – It depends t-shirt Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses a microbiologist who was harassed during COVID pandemic sues university, use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine for poliovirus outbreak response, safety and immunogenicity of bivalent rsvpref vaccine coadministered with seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine in older adults, coffee as a dietary strategy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, enrollment of pediatric patients in COVID-19 interventional trials, vaccination, immunity, and the changing impact of COVID-19 on infant health, COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against post- COVID -19 condition among 589722 individuals in Sweden, repeated Omicron exposures override ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting, protection conferred by COVID-19 vaccination, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, or hybrid immunity against Omicron-associated severe outcomes among community-dwelling adults, the Novavax heterologous COVID booster demonstrates lower reactogenicity than mRNA vaccines, T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination are elevated in B cell deficiency and reduce risk of severe COVID-19, oral VV116 versus placebo in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in China, and how COVID-19 convalescent plasma therapy decreases inflammatory cytokines, therapeutic heparin in non-ICU patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the ACTIV-4a trial. Click arrow to play Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Microbiologist who was harassed during COVID pandemic sues university (Nature) Use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine for outbreak response (The Lancet) Safety and immunogenicity of bivalent RSVpreF vaccine coadministered with Influenza vaccine (CID) Coffee as a dietary strategy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection (BMC) Enrollment of pediatric patients in COVID-19 interventional trials (JAMA) Vaccination, immunity, and the changing impact of COVID-19 on infant health (PNAS) COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against post- COVID -19 condition (BMJ) Repeated Omicron exposures override ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting (Nature) Protection conferred by COVID-19 vaccination, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, or hybrid immunity against Omicron-associated severe outcomes (CID) Novavax heterologous COVID booster demonstrates lower reactogenicity than mRNA (JID) T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination reduce risk of severe COVID-19 (STM) Oral VV116 vs placebo in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in China (The Lancet) COVID-19 convalescent plasma therapy decreases inflammatory cytokines (MS) Therapeutic heparin in non-ICU patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the ACTIV-4a trial (Chest) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV on TWiV 1066 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews ban on gain-of-function research by the House, chronic wasting disease in Tennessee deer, nOPV2 causing paralysis in children, and an outbreak of feline infectious peritonitis in Cyprus caused by a new recombinant coronavirus. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Global Scholar Travel Awards (ASV) Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) The New City by Dickson Despommier House approves ban on gain-of-function research (Science) Virology under the microscope (J Virol) CWD detected in another Tennessee county (CIDRAP) Polio eradication: Do no harm (Science) nOPV2 causes polio (MMWR) How is nOPV2 doing? (Polioeradication.org) Feline infectious peritonitis caused by recombinant coronavirus (bioRxiv) New feline coronavirus kills thousands of cats (Science) Feline coronavirus with Gary Whittaker (TWiV 963) Letters read on TWiV 1065 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Climate Action and How to find joy in climate action Brianne – A Virus that Generates Electricity Kathy – Intolerable Genius: Berkeley's most controversial Nobel laureate Rich – Programmed DNA Elimination (PDE): Quanta; Current Biology Alan – KBDfans mechanical keyboard kits Vincent – The Covid Vaccine Windfall Turns for Pfizer and Moderna Listener Picks Meika – Iceland Eruption or not? Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses progress toward measles elimination, risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 despite vaccination in patients requiring treatment with immune-suppressive drugs, symptoms, viral loads, and rebound among COVID-19 outpatients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir compared to propensity score matched untreated individuals, late administration and corticosteroid usage explain inefficacy in COVID-19 convalescent plasma trial, higher-dose fluvoxamine and time to sustained recovery in outpatients with COVID-19, recombinant C1 inhibitor in the prevention of severe COVID-19, and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation is not causative for post-COVID-19-syndrome in individuals with asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 disease course. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Progress toward measles elimination (CDC) Risk of severe COVID-19 despite vaccination in patients using immune-suppressive drugs (TID) Symptoms, viral loads, and rebound among COVID-19 outpatients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir compared to untreated individuals (CID) Late administration and corticosteroid usage explain inefficacy in COVID-19 convalescent plasma trial (JID) Higher-dose fluvoxamine and time to sustained recovery in outpatients with COVID-19 (JAMA) Recombinant C1 inhibitor in the prevention of severe COVID-19 (FII) Epstein-Barr virus reactivation is not causative for post-COVID-19-syndrome in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 disease course (BMC) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB 37:55 Letters read on TWiV on TWiV 1062 38:16 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Kevin Messacar visits the Incubator to discuss his career as a pediatric infectious disease physician, and his work on enteroviruses that are associated with acute flaccid myelitis and other diseases. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Kevin Messacar Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Global Scholar Travel Awards (ASV) Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) Emergence of EV-D68 (Microbio Spectr) 2014 outbreak of EV-D68 (J Med Virol) EV-D68 shedding in households (Emerg Inf Dis) EV-A71 outbreak in Colorado (Lancet Inf Dis) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses coverage with selected vaccines and exemption from school vaccine requirements among children in kindergarten, seasonality of endemic COVID-19, mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before vs during pregnancy and omicron infection among infants, extracting symptoms from free-text responses using ChatGPT among COVID-19 cases in Hong Kong, SARS-CoV-2 virologic rebound with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir therapy, optimization of antiviral therapy in immunocompromised COVID-19 patients, a study to learn about the study medicines (nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir) in people aged 12 years or older with COVID-19 and a compromised immune system, evaluation of the safety profile and therapeutic efficacy of Remdesivir in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, effect of neutralizing monoclonal antibody treatment on early trajectories of virologic and immunologic biomarkers in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 virologic rebound with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir therapy. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Coverage with selected vaccines and exemption from school vaccine requirements among (CDC) Seasonality of endemic COVID-19 (Virology) mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before vs during pregnancy and Omicron infection among infants (JAMA) Extracting symptoms from responses using ChatGPT among COVID-19 cases (CMI) SARS-CoV-2 virologic rebound with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir therapy (AIM) Optimization of antiviral therapy in immunocompromised COVID-19 patients (ClinicalTrials) A study to learn about nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in people with COVID-19 and a compromised immune system (ClinicalTrials) Evaluation of the safety profile and therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection (EJP) Effect of neutralizing monoclonal antibody treatment on virologic and immunologic biomarkers in patients with COVID-19 (JID) SARS-CoV-2 virologic rebound with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir therapy (AIM) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV on TWiV 1062 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reveals a prediction of the expected endemic seasonality of COVID-19, based on circulation of human coronaviruses, and ecological clearance of vaccine-targeted human papillomaviruses and an increase in circulation of non-targeted virus types. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Global Scholar Travel Awards (ASV) Research assistant position in Rosenfeld Lab CBER/FDA (pdf) The New City by Dickson Despommier Seasonality of endemic COVID-19 (mBio) Diversity of non-vaccine targeted HPVs (Cell Host Microbe) Wart's up doc? (TWiV 126) Letters read on TWiV 1061 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – 2023 expected to be hottest year on record after warmest October ever Kathy – You can see the ISS toolbag with binoculars, Billy Collins wikipedia, What dogs think (probably) Alan – Landmark case to get sanitation declared a civil right Vincent – SciComm Studios Listener Picks Charmaine – Petition fo National Science Appreciation Day Peter – Let's eradicate polio this winter Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses stress in America 2023, CDC expanding testing of international air traveler samples to include flu, RSV, and other respiratory viruses, missed opportunities for preventing congenital syphilis, intrinsic and effective severity of COVID-19 cases infected with the ancestral strain and omicron BA.2 variant in Hong Kong, T-cell immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 measured by an interferon-γ release assay is strongly associated with patient outcomes in vaccinated persons hospitalized with delta or omicron variants, masks during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens, behavioral factors and SARS-CoV-2 transmission heterogeneity within a household cohort in Costa Rica, convalescent plasma for Covid-19–induced ARDS in mechanically ventilated patients, and olfactory and gustatory function 3 years after mild COVID-19. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Stress in America 2023 (APA) CDC expands testing of international air traveler samples to include flu RSV, and other respiratory viruses (CDC) Missed opportunities for preventing congenital syphilis (CDC) Intrinsic and effective severity of COVID-19 case infected with BA.2 variant (JID) Masks during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens (JAMA) Behavioral factors and SARS-CoV-2 transmission within a household cohort (Nature) Convalescent plasma for Covid-19–induced ARDS in mechanically ventilated patients (NEJM) Olfactory and gustatory function 3 years after mild COVID-19 (JAMA) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV on TWiV 1060 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv