The Metabolic Classroom with Dr. Ben Bikman

Conversation about tiny extracellular vesicles that muscles release during movement and how they send molecular messages to the brain, liver, fat, and immune system. Discussion of how different workout types and intensities change the vesicle cargo. Exploration of harmful vesicles in obesity and how exercise can replace them with beneficial signals. Glimpse at future personalized and therapeutic possibilities.

A deep dive into how the NAD⁺/NADH balance acts as a cellular battery and what happens when excess NADH from high glucose derails metabolism. Discussion of mechanisms like mitochondrial dysfunction, ceramide buildup, and reductive stress. Explores main drivers such as refined carbs, alcohol, aging, and inactivity. Covers lifestyle fixes—carb restriction, exercise, time‑restricted eating, better sleep, and less alcohol.

A crash course on the two molecular switches that steer cellular aging: AMPK and mTOR. How modern diets and excess carbs push cells toward growth mode and away from repair. Why certain longevity drugs raise safety and fertility concerns. Practical dietary levers like fasting, carbohydrate restriction, ketosis, and ketone supplements as alternatives to pharmacology.

Nicotine might not be the villain it's often portrayed to be. When isolated from cigarettes, it displays intriguing benefits like anti-inflammatory effects and potential therapeutic roles in ADHD, autism, and cognitive decline. The discussion reveals that nicotine isn't the main addictive factor; additives like pyrazines amplify addiction. Moreover, it activates pathways that may help conditions like ulcerative colitis. However, caution is advised, as prolonged use may lead to insulin resistance. The importance of more research and professional consultation is emphasized.

Discover the incredible power of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) beyond just fuel. It plays a key role in reducing inflammation and enhancing gene expression, acting almost like a hormone. Learn how BHB activates receptors that shift immune responses and even inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome linked to chronic diseases. The discussion delves into its potential in treating neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases, showcasing BHB's importance in mitochondrial health and overall metabolic resilience.

Discover the often-overlooked role of glucagon, insulin's counterbalance, in weight loss. Learn how glucagon promotes fat burning primarily in the liver, enhancing ketone production and energy expenditure. Ben Bikman challenges the myth that glucagon directly releases fat from adipose tissue. Recent studies reveal that combining GLP-1 with glucagon can lead to superior weight loss results, suppressing appetite while boosting metabolism. Practical tips include lowering carbs and fasting to naturally enhance glucagon's benefits.

Explore how gut health links to systemic inflammation through lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from harmful bacteria. Discover the importance of tight junction proteins and the role of zonulin in gut permeability. Learn about dietary factors like gluten and fructose that can disrupt gut barriers, while omega-3 fats and probiotics can help restore balance. Ben shares practical tips like using apple cider vinegar and fiber to strengthen gut health, reduce LPS absorption, and improve metabolic function.

Delve into the intriguing world of male menopause, or andropause, where testosterone gradually declines. Discover how mitochondrial health and insulin resistance sabotage testosterone production. Explore the vicious cycle of body fat converting testosterone into estradiol, leading to hormonal imbalances. Learn practical lifestyle interventions like resistance training and cold exposure to boost testosterone naturally. Uncover the delicate balance between hormone therapy and fertility. Gain insights into modifiable factors that support hormonal health.

Dive into the impressive benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, as they turbocharge fat loss and muscle growth. Discover why these animal-based sources are far more effective than plant-derived options. Learn how omega-3s stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, enhance fat burning, and even improve muscle response to protein and insulin. Plus, they play a crucial role in preserving muscle during periods of disuse. Get practical dosing advice and unlock the secrets to maximizing your metabolic health!

Delve into the powerful role of ketones, specifically beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), in enhancing heart health. Discover how ketones act as an efficient energy source for the heart, especially during heart failure. They increase cardiac output and reduce the heart's workload by lowering vascular resistance. Learn about BHB's unique ability to promote vasodilation, improve circulation, and provide anti-inflammatory effects. Plus, explore practical strategies like ketogenic diets and exogenous supplements to boost heart resilience.