History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps

Explore the fascinating role of women in Byzantine society, featuring influential figures like Anna Komnena and Empress Irene. The discussion dives into women's education, literacy, and their significant political influences against societal constraints. Additionally, the podcast investigates the intriguing concept of eunuchs as a potential 'third gender,' shedding light on the complex attitudes surrounding gender dynamics in this historical context.

Katerina Ierodiakonou, an expert in Byzantine commentaries on Aristotle, discusses the rich tradition of philosophical discourse from Byzantium. She explores the evolution of commentaries post-Iconoclasm, highlighting figures like Eustratius of Nicaea. Ierodiakonou delves into the interplay of Aristotelian and Platonic thought, particularly how Christian beliefs shaped these philosophies. The dialogue also touches on the role of Byzantine educational structures and their unique approaches to concepts like eudaimonia and pleasure, illustrating the deep connections between ancient wisdom and Christian ethics.

Dive into the world of Anna Komnene, a remarkable Byzantine princess who transitioned from politics to academia. Discover how she gathered a circle of scholars dedicated to crafting new commentaries on Aristotle. Explore her groundbreaking work, the Alexiad, and her battle against societal biases in a male-dominated culture. The discussion also highlights the dynamic interplay of Aristotelian thought and Neoplatonism, showcasing the intellectual rigor of figures like Eustratius and Michael of Ephesus.

Explore the vibrant world of Byzantine historiography as it merges history and philosophy. Discover how historians like Michael Psellos and Anna Komnene were influenced by classical thinkers, shaping narratives with unique techniques. Delve into the cultural fusion of paganism and Christianity reflected in 12th-century novels. You'll learn about the political philosophies of the era and the complexities of divine providence in history. Plus, enjoy the rhetorical flair used by Nikitas Koneiates to express the tragedy of Constantinople's fall.

Dive into Byzantine society's love for rhetoric and its impact on philosophy. Explore how eloquence shaped education, with ancient texts like Homer's Iliad at the center. Discover the evolution of rhetoric from skepticism to an esteemed skill for social mobility. Hear tales of prominent figures like Psellos and Basil, and the comedic trials of Italos. Contrasting Plato's ideals with Aristotle's influence, this discussion unveils the rich interplay of language and wisdom in Byzantine thought.

Dive into the fascinating world of Byzantine political thought, where the concept of the philosopher king emerges as a symbol of virtuous leadership. Explore the tension between good rulers and tyrants, highlighting the essential role of popular consent. Discover how emperors balanced their authority with legal frameworks and philosophical insights on justice. Lastly, ponder the complex relationship between political power and religious belief during the empire's decline, showcasing the rich intellectual engagement that shaped Byzantine governance.

Discover the tumultuous trial of John Italos, a philosopher caught in the ideological crossfire of Byzantine politics. Explore how Byzantine intellectuals grappled with pagan philosophy while adhering to Christian doctrines. Delve into Italos' unique take on universals and substance, challenging traditional Aristotelian and Platonic views. Witness his cautious balancing act between pagan ideas and Christian beliefs, setting the stage for future philosophical discussions in Byzantium.

Dominic O'Meara, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, shares insights on the influential thinker Michael Psellos. They discuss Psellos's unique blend of political engagement and philosophical thought, stressing the need for philosophers to engage with power. O'Meara explores tensions between asceticism and knowledge, scrutinizing the conflict between religious beliefs and intellectual pursuits. Additionally, the conversation delves into the portrayal of rulers in Psellos's 'Chronographia', juxtaposing divine ideals with the harsh realities of leadership in the Byzantine Empire.

Exploring Michael Psellos' admiration for pagan neoplatonists and his connection with Hellenic culture. Delving into his fusion of Platonic philosophy and Orthodox beliefs, critiquing elements like astrology and magic. Salos's balanced views on body and soul, ethics, and forgiveness towards others.

Explore the fascinating link between craft and philosophy as practical skills define material intelligence. Discover how historical figures like Plato and Aristotle viewed craftsmanship as a form of profound knowledge. Personal anecdotes reveal the decline of material intelligence in today's culture and its impact on our connection to objects. The conversation highlights the value of hands-on skills and the role of local experiences in shaping practical wisdom, ultimately advocating for a deeper appreciation of craftsmanship in our lives.