In this conversation, Dan Cornwell, a military veteran and key voice for the 'restrainers,' discusses the push for a less interventionist U.S. foreign policy. He critiques the Iraq war as a 'monstrous crime' and examines its long-lasting impacts on global stability. The dialogue touches on Trump's evolving approach, the financial strains affecting military engagements, and a potential shift in U.S. strategies in the Middle East. Caldwell also highlights the internal debates within the Republican Party about America's role in international affairs.

In a gripping discussion, Kim Ghattas, a distinguished Middle Eastern affairs expert and FT contributing editor, analyzes the fallout of Israel’s actions in Lebanon on Syria's landscape. She touches on the rebel advances in Aleppo and their implications for Assad’s brittle alliances with Russia and Iran. Ghattas delves into the evolving dynamics of regional powers, the shifting influence of Hezbollah, and the complex realities faced by civilians caught in conflict. The conversation also touches on the hope and resilience of Lebanese citizens amid ongoing chaos.

In a compelling discussion, Sir Alex Younger, former head of MI6, shares his insights on how a second Trump presidency could impact the UK-US 'special relationship'. He dives into the repercussions of Trump's appointing Tulsi Gabbard as US director of national intelligence, considering her controversial views. The conversation touches on the shifting global landscape, the decline of US influence, and the necessity for the UK to adapt its security strategies amidst rising geopolitical tensions from Russia and China.

In this discussion, Gideon Rachman talks with Sebastian Mallaby, author of The Power Law and a Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. They explore Elon Musk's strategic alignment with Donald Trump, considering what this political partnership offers Musk and his ventures. Topics include the shifting ideological landscape in tech, the growing discontent in Silicon Valley regarding taxation, and how potential tariffs on electric vehicles could bolster Tesla's position. The conversation reveals the intricate dance of power, politics, and business that Musk navigates.

Kevin Rudd, the former Australian Prime Minister and a keen China scholar, shares insights on Xi Jinping’s ideological overhaul in China. He explains how a return to Leninist and Marxist principles marks a departure from Deng Xiaoping's market reforms. The conversation delves into Taiwan's pivotal role in China's national aspirations and the geopolitical ramifications of the AUKUS pact. Rudd emphasizes the need for more nuanced understanding among Western leaders to navigate these complex dynamics in global politics.

Ed Luce, U.S. editor of the Financial Times, and Susan Glasser, Staff writer for The New Yorker and co-author of 'The Divider,' dive into the potential realities of a second Trump presidency. They discuss a shift towards radical governance and the implications of personal loyalty in policy-making. The duo explores the new oligarchic influences in American politics, particularly with figures like Elon Musk, as well as the controversial healthcare positions that could emerge. They also analyze the challenges facing the Democratic Party amid this shifting landscape.

Gideon Rachman speaks with Ivo Daalder, former American ambassador to NATO and chief executive of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, about the looming threat to democracy posed by Trump’s potential return. They dissect the rising echoes of authoritarianism in U.S. politics and how historical fascism parallels modern rhetoric. Daalder reveals how societal reactions to a Trump presidency could manifest, while also addressing the geopolitical ramifications of internal divisions. The conversation emphasizes the need for structural political reform in America.

Sigrid Kaag, the UN's Senior Humanitarian and Reconstruction Coordinator for Gaza and a former Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands, shares insights on the dire humanitarian crisis in the region. She discusses the urgent need for aid amid devastating living conditions and the complex political landscape. The conversation highlights the psychological trauma affecting children and the vital role of education and mental health services. Despite the overwhelming struggles, Kaag emphasizes the resilience of the Palestinian people and the necessity of maintaining hope for a better future.

Saad Mohseni, chairman of Afghanistan’s largest television station and co-author of "Radio Free Afghanistan," and Fatima Gailani, women’s rights activist and peace negotiator, discuss Afghanistan's dire situation. They highlight the severe restrictions on women's rights and the hunger crisis facing the country. The conversation explores the paradox of economic indicators improving while the population struggles daily. They also address the complexities of international engagement and the need for a reevaluation of strategies towards the Taliban.

Norbert Röttgen, a CDU member of Germany's Foreign Affairs Committee and author of "Democracy and War," critiques Chancellor Olaf Scholz for his wavering support for Ukraine. He highlights Germany's troubling divide on the conflict while stressing that most citizens understand the stakes. Röttgen discusses the urgency of boosting defense spending and navigating the complex interplay of war, migration, and economic concerns in light of the refugee crisis. He warns of the dangers posed by insufficient Western support for Ukraine in ensuring European stability.