The Food Chain

What’s the purpose of restaurant reviews? The Food Chain looks at who is qualified to write a review, how helpful they are today and the impact they can have on a business. In this programme Ruth Alexander speaks to Giles Coren, restaurant critic for The Times newspaper in the UK, Opeyemi Famakin, online reviewer and influencer in Nigeria, and Ana Roš, chef and owner of the Hiša Franko restaurant in Slovenia which holds three Michelin stars. If you would like to get in touch with the show, please email: thefoodchain@bbc.co.uk Presenter by Ruth Alexander. Produced by Beatrice Pickup and Bisi Adebayo. (Image: from left to right, Giles Coren, Opeyemi Famakin and Ana Roš. Credits: BBC, Opeyemi Famakin and Suzan Gabrijan)

Saffron - the world's most expensive spice - is treasured for its rich aroma, vibrant colour, and unique flavour. But why does it command such a high price?In this episode of The Food Chain, Ruth Alexander uncovers the story of saffron from crocus flower to kitchen, finds out about the labour-intensive harvesting process, and learns about the innovations in lab-grown saffron that could change the industry forever.Iranian chef and author Najmieh Batmanglij shares saffron's culinary and cultural significance. Saffron trader Mehrdad Rowhani offers insight into the complex global market and the problem of fraud, and agricultural scientist Dr Ardalan Ghilavizadeh tells us about why more countries are investing in lab-grown saffron, taking the harvest from traditional fields and into indoor units.To get in touch with the show, please email: thefoodchain@bbc.co.ukProducer: Izzy Greenfield Reporting: Irshad Hussain

In this discussion, Paula Scher, a legendary graphic designer known for her work on Shake Shack, joins Arjen Klinkenberg, the creative force behind Tony’s Chocolonely’s distinctive wrappers. They dive into the power of food branding and the emotional connections it fosters. Scher reveals the elements that create a lasting visual identity, while Klinkenberg shares insights on the quick design process behind his iconic packaging. Together, they explore the balance between artistic freedom and commercial demands, emphasizing the importance of strong branding that endures.

Varun Oberoi, the Vice President and Head of Marketing at Nissin India, dives into the fascinating world of instant noodles. He discusses the historical journey of noodles from ancient China to modern-day Japan, where ramen became iconic. Oberoi highlights the booming global demand, particularly in rural India, and addresses the shift towards healthier options in instant noodles. He also tackles the perception of instant noodles as meals vs. snacks and illuminates the balance between taste and health in a rapidly changing market.

John Laurenson explores the enduring appeal of stock. A century and a half ago, a butcher at the big Parisian food market Les Halles started selling beef broth – ‘bouillon’ in French - to the people who worked there. In a few years this had developed into what was perhaps the world’s first restaurant chain. By the end of the Nineteenth Century there were hundreds of ‘bouillons’ in Paris. Today, with inflation making traditional French restaurants too expensive for many people, these big, affordable eateries are making a comeback. The French aren’t, of course, the only people to discover the delights of this simple, warming, nourishing food. John learns how bouillon influenced Vietnam’s iconic dish, pho, as a result of the French colonial presence in the region in the 1800 and 1900s. Producer/presenter: John Laurenson(Image: A dish of stock with chicken and herbs with a ladle sticking out of it. Credit: Getty Images/BBC)

What motivates someone to dedicate years of their life to learning one skill?Ruth Alexander finds out what it takes to master a craft, the exacting standards one must meet, and why it's all worth it.Sushi chef Eddie Chow tells us how it took more than ten years to achieve the title of 'master sushi chef', and the pain of getting there.What does it take to become an illustrious master butcher in Germany? Claus Bobel explains the importance of tradition, and his daughter Yulia tells us why she's following in his footsteps.And 'Lady of the Ham' Cati Gomez describes the process of becoming a cartadora, and why ham carving is getting more and more popular around the world.

We find out the secret recipe that goes into some of the TV food shows watched by millions around the world. From hiring snake wranglers in South Africa to fending off flies in Sweden, three top producers lift the lid on what it takes to serve up a feast of culinary entertainment. Seasoned professionals Avril Beaven (Great British Menu), Irene Wong (Man Fire Food) and Jane Kennedy (Masterchef South Africa and My Kitchen Rules South Africa) explain the people skills needed to manage big personalities. And open up about the gruelling schedule that goes into creating televised cooking shows. If you would like to get in touch with the programme, email thefoodchain@bbc.co.uk. Presenter: Ruth Alexander Producers: Sam Clack and Hannah Bewley (Image: Jane Kennedy, Irene Wong and Avril Beaven)

Delve into the stories behind the world's oldest restaurants and their secrets to survival. Discover the fascinating history of Madrid's oldest eatery, Botin, and learn how it has thrived for centuries. Explore the fierce competition among Nottingham's pubs for the title of 'oldest,' backed by archaeological evidence. Hear about a 200-year-old tavern in Missouri facing modern challenges and the unique charm of a historic sausage kitchen in Germany. These enduring establishments reveal the rich tapestry of culinary heritage.

Why do we enjoy foods that crunch? Listener Sheila Harris contacted The Food Chain with that question and asked us to find out if the food texture has any benefits. Ruth Alexander speaks to Danielle Reed, Chief Science Officer at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, US, who says that crunchy foods signal freshness and help our brains decide if a food is safe to eat. Paediatric dentist Ashley Lerman in New York, US says crunchy fruit and vegetables can act as a natural tooth cleaner. Anthropologist Professor Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel at the University at Buffalo in New York, US says that the texture of our diets can impact the shape of our faces. Her work has studied how jaw shape has changed as humans switched from hunter gatherer to farming diets. Ciarán Forde, Professor of Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour at Wageningen University in the Netherlands explains how crunchy and other hard textures could help us to eat more slowly and consume fewer calories. And could crunch make foods more palatable? Chef Dulsie Fadzai Mudekwa in Zimbabwe says the texture is key to convincing people to try edible insects. If you have a question for The Food Chain email thefoodchain@bbc.co.uk Produced by Beatrice Pickup. (Image: a woman biting a stick of celery. Credit: Getty Images/BBC)

Around 100 countries have official dietary guidelines, and more are on their way. But who is following them? Ruth Alexander asks how realistic healthy-eating advice is as she explores how official recommendations are developed, what they’re trying to achieve, and the obstacles standing in our way. We hear from Fatima Hachem, Senior Nutrition Officer at the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organisation, about how her team offers support to countries designing dietary guidelines.Chiza Kunwenda, senior lecturer in the Department of Food Science and Nutrition at the University of Zambia, tells us how he and a team of others drew up the latest dietary guidelines for Zambia and other countries in Africa.In Argentina, as well as advice, the government has issued black octagonal warning labels on foods high in salt sugar, saturated fats and calories. Are people taking notice? And can people around the world afford to eat according to guidelines? Dr Anna Herforth co-directed the Food prices for Nutrition project at Tufts University in the United States, tells us what she found. We also hear from shoppers at a community food outlet in the North West of England, about how cost is barrier to healthy eating.(Image: a plate of food showing suggested dietary guidelines. Credit: Getty Images/BBC)If you’d like to contact the programme, email thefoodchain@bbc.co.uk. Producers: Hannah Bewley and Izzy Greenfield.