The Dissenter

Luana Colloca, a leading expert in pain and translational symptom science, discusses the intriguing world of placebos. She explains how placebos function in clinical settings and the role of expectations and culture. The conversation delves into genetic influences on the placebo effect, particularly regarding alcohol use disorder. Colloca emphasizes the importance of enhancing clinical trials and patient communication, shedding light on how these elements can improve therapeutic outcomes in healthcare.

In this engaging conversation, Jonathan Bobaljik, a Harvard linguistics professor and author of 'Universals in Comparative Morphology,' dives deep into the fascinating realms of morphology and syntax. He discusses the relationship between morphemes and their meanings, showcasing experiments like the WUG test which reveal children's innate grasp of language. The dialogue also tackles Universal Grammar, challenging traditional theories and exploring cognitive constraints in language learning, while highlighting cross-linguistic comparisons that enrich our understanding of linguistic structures.

Briana Pobiner, a paleoanthropologist at the Smithsonian, dives into the fascinating evolution of the human diet. She reveals how we study extinct species’ diets through archaeology and chemical analysis. Exploring primate models like chimpanzees, she sheds light on our ancient dietary patterns. Pobiner discusses the critical role of meat in human evolution, linking it to brain development. She also addresses the complexities of ancient diets and disturbing topics like cannibalism, making a compelling case for understanding our shared cultural history.

Join John Hibbing, a prominent political science and psychology professor, as he unpacks the complex biology behind political differences. He dives into how genetics influence beliefs, revealing insights on the emotional responses of the left and right to various stimuli. Hibbing explores the role of environmental factors and personal experiences in shaping our political identities, along with the distinct ways each ideology perceives threats. His research urges a deeper understanding of these biological underpinnings for more compassionate political discourse.

Roderick McIntosh, an esteemed anthropologist and curator, delves into Africa's archaeological significance often overlooked in history. He discusses the rich urban development and state formation, challenging colonial misconceptions about stagnation. The conversation highlights humanity's roots in Africa, covering migration patterns and cultural exchanges. McIntosh also examines the impact of climate change on societies, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach. With rising public interest, he advocates for accessible educational initiatives to enhance local engagement in archaeology.

L. Syd M. Johnson, a bioethicist and philosopher specializing in brain injuries, dives into the intricate controversies surrounding brain death. She discusses how cultural perspectives shape our understanding of death and the ethical dilemmas that arise from modern medical definitions. Johnson critiques the language used in brain death treatment, highlighting the dehumanization of patients. Moreover, she explores the legal and moral conflicts families face, especially when medical definitions clash with personal beliefs, bringing to light the complex nature of personhood in medicine.

Elise Zipkin, Red Cedar Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University, specializes in quantitative ecology and conservation. In this discussion, she dives into the crucial interplay between animal population dynamics and climate change. Elise highlights the alarming impacts of human activities on biodiversity and the growing challenges posed by invasive species. She emphasizes the need for sustainable practices to protect our ecosystems while addressing climate uncertainties. Tune in for insights that blend math with the mysteries of nature!

In a captivating discussion, Dr. Michael Levin, a Distinguished Professor at Tufts University, delves into the wonders of living systems and the definition of 'self'. He explores the regenerative powers of planaria and their potential ties to cancer resistance. The conversation shifts to collective intelligence in biology, revealing how cells cooperate in development. Levin introduces the 'Mind Everywhere' framework, posing intriguing questions about sentience and memory. The podcast concludes with groundbreaking ideas about the thanatotranscriptome and the nature of life and consciousness.

Craig Callender, Tata Chancellor's Professor of Philosophy at UC San Diego, dives deep into the nature of time. He challenges the conventional view of time as a flowing entity, discussing the spacetime continuum and the complexities of how we perceive time. Callender examines the interplay between physics and metaphysics, addressing big questions raised by quantum mechanics. Additionally, he explores the evolution of time perception across species, emphasizing how sensory processing influences our understanding of reality.

Peter Lindert, Distinguished Professor Emeritus at UC Davis, dives into the mechanics of government social spending. He discusses the historical rise of social programs, particularly in Northwest Europe, and emphasizes the role of universal education in promoting equality. Lindert critiques the shift in funding towards the elderly and wealthy since 1910, while exploring the implications of welfare dynamics in various political systems. He brings insights on the economic impacts of immigration and the challenges facing retirement and social security amidst an aging population.