99% Invisible

Explore the hidden architectural details of Oakland, revealing how anchor plates fortify brick walls and the evolution of fire escapes from basic ladders to intricate iron designs. Discover the role of defensive design in urban spaces and the meanings behind property markers. Gain insights into the meticulous process of transforming a decade's worth of stories into a cohesive book. Enjoy behind-the-scenes anecdotes about writing and illustrating, making it an enriching experience for urban design enthusiasts.

Uncover the surprising story behind the New York Public Library's children's reading room and the enduring appeal of 'Goodnight Moon.' Discover why this beloved classic has surprisingly low circulation, and the influential role of Anne Carroll Moore in shaping children's literature. Dive into the whimsical world of Nicholas Knickerbocker, a wooden doll designed to engage shy kids, and explore how libraries foster literary love among young readers while celebrating their architectural beauty.

Deirdre Mask, author of "The Address Book: What Street Addresses Reveal About Identity, Race, Wealth, and Power," uncovers the often-overlooked significance of street addresses. She discusses how they shape societal structures, influence public health, and reflect cultural identities. The podcast dives into the politics of street naming, from honoring heroes to addressing contentious pasts. Mask also explores the future of navigation with innovative systems like What3Words, questioning the need for traditional addresses in a digital world.

Discover the fascinating world of roadside signage, from the history of the iconic stop sign to the evolution of mailboxes. Learn about William Phelps Eno, the pioneering father of traffic safety, and his innovative ideas that transformed road design. Hear tales of reflective road markers and cat's eyes, crucial inventions that enhance driver visibility. Explore how highways shape urban spaces and the interplay between icons and public safety in our everyday lives.

Sandy Allen, a reporter and writer, shares their personal journey as a non-binary and transgender individual navigating public restrooms. The conversation highlights the societal implications and historical roots of gender-segregated bathrooms, showcasing the ongoing debate around accessibility. Sandy discusses innovative design solutions aimed at creating inclusive multi-user restrooms for all. The episode also emphasizes the importance of thoughtful signage to foster community and acceptance, challenging traditional binary representations in public spaces.

Guest Chris Berube is a producer from Canada, known for his insights into media and consumer behavior. He delves into the fascinating evolution of grocery shopping, focusing on the rise of generic brands like Loblaws' No Name, born from the economic challenges of the 70s. The discussion highlights innovative marketing strategies, such as minimalist packaging that communicates value. Berube also addresses contemporary issues faced by stores, including the Great Canadian Bread Price Fixing Scandal, revealing how these everyday topics intertwine with larger societal implications.

Winifred Gallagher, author of "How the Post Office Created America," explores how the U.S. Postal Service was pivotal in unifying diverse communities under one flag. She discusses the transformation of postal services throughout history, from mule train deliveries to modern challenges faced today. Gallagher examines the cultural significance of letter writing, particularly among women, and highlights the emotional weight of communication during the Civil War. The conversation underscores the Postal Service's ongoing relevance in American society.

Sarah Seo, a Columbia Law School professor and author of "Policing the Open Road," dives into the intricate relationship between traffic enforcement and systemic injustice. She explores how the rise of automobile culture transformed policing, with an emphasis on the chilling case of Sandra Bland. Seo discusses the Fourth Amendment's narrow interpretations, leading to racial disparities in traffic stops. The episode also presents bold ideas for rethinking traffic enforcement, advocating for unarmed personnel and community-centered approaches to improve road safety.

Walter Thompson-Hernandez, a graffiti artist, reflects on his early experiences in L.A.'s Scared Straight program and explores the complexities of friendship and identity. Joined by Joe Connolly, an anti-graffiti activist, they discuss their contrasting views on urban art. The conversation touches on personal transformation, the emotional turmoil of adolescence, and the journey from rebellion to redemption. Their heartfelt reunion offers a lens into the evolution of their creative expressions, showcasing how life and graffiti intertwine in meaningful ways.

In this thought-provoking discussion, reporter Jennifer Omani sheds light on the Valley of the Fallen, a massive monument tied to Spain's turbulent past under Franco's dictatorship. The conversation dives into the haunting legacy of the site, a mass grave for victims of Franco's regime, and the deeply personal stories of their families seeking justice. Omani also shares gripping tales of escape from oppression and the ongoing struggle for recognition in a society grappling with its history. This dialogue challenges perceptions and highlights the urgency of confronting dark legacies.