Curiosity Chronicle

Welcome to the 1,116 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 68,953 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Trends!Trends is my personal cheat code for generating new business and content ideas.It’s a premium newsletter from The Hustle that deconstructs the secret sauce of interesting businesses, side hustles, and emerging opportunities—and gives you the playbook to pounce on them. Even better, membership provides instant access to an exclusive community of 15,000+ entrepreneurs who are building the future.I learn something new from every single issue—it has become a core part of my content and learning engine. A true must-read. I can’t recommend it highly enough.Use the link below to join—no commitment, no catch, cancel anytime!Today at a Glance:Learning is a meta-skill—arguably the most important meta-skill.School taught us many things, but unfortunately, how to learn was not one of them.The retention framework I use involves five steps: (1) Inspired Consumption; (2) Unstructured Note-Taking; (3) Consolidation; (4) Analogize; and (5) Idea Exercise. The structure is sequential, but its practice is often dynamic & iterative.Spaced Repetition is the most formal—and powerful—idea exercise method. It’s a method in which information is consumed at increasing intervals until it's committed to long-term memory. It leverages cognitive science—the way our brains work to convert short-term to long-term memory—to help you retain newly-consumed information.How to Retain What You LearnLearning is a meta-skill—arguably the most important meta-skill.School taught us many things, but unfortunately, how to learn was not one of them.Learning is how we adapt to our changing environments, circumstances, and situations. Learning allows us to create new “maps”—and edit old ones—in order to navigate the dynamic, highly-complex world with confidence.Growth is fundamentally driven by the long-term accumulation and compounding of usable learning. We accumulate and compound this learning through consumption and retention. Consumption is the inputs—what comes in. Retention is what remains after any leakage.Imagine your brain like a bathtub.The faucet is the entrance, the drain is the exit. Everything you research and consume flows in through the faucet. Everything you forget flows out through the drain.I’ve written a lot about the faucet in the past—here and here most recently—but I’ve never talked about the drain.Let’s fix that today—let’s talk about learning retention.Learning from The MatrixI love The Matrix. It’s not just sci-fi, there is a lot we can draw from it about learning and retention.Bear with me…In one of the early scenes of the first film, Keanu Reeves’ character—Neo—is plugged into the system and has a program uploaded into his brain. He has a moment of shocked revelation where he looks up and says, “I know kung fu.” He proceeds to demonstrate his new mastery in a virtual sparring room. Most importantly, Neo never forgets this new skill.To be sure, this isn’t that crazy an idea. Our brains are just software. When we learn, we are updating that software. But in the real world, though, our software is flawed and buggy—we forget important things or overwrite old data all the time.Our best bet? Develop a strategy for retention that is grounded in science. An approach to retention that is as integrated and comprehensive as our approach to learning. We may not become Neo, but we can become more Neo-like.The Retention FrameworkHere's a tactical framework for improving your retention…The retention framework I use involves five steps:Inspired ConsumptionUnstructured Note-TakingConsolidationAnalogizeIdea ExerciseThe structure is sequential, but its practice is often dynamic & iterative.Let's walk through each of the steps...Step 1: Inspired ConsumptionRetention starts with consumption.I bucket consumption into two types:Forced: Compelled, either internally or externally. Inspired: Driven entirely by your internal inspirations.If you've ever been in school, you know what forced consumption looks like. Forced consumption is the book you're told to read, despite the topic being of zero interest to you. It's the foundation of much of the traditional education system—yet another reason why so many of us are bad at learning retention!Inspired consumption is when you feel genuinely pulled to consume—when you enjoy the consumption process.It requires the willingness to put ego aside and "quit” more books (or content) when that genuine inspiration fades.Inspired consumption is important for retention for two key reasons.Inspiration is a precursor to flow. More flow state, more retention.Inspiration fuels engagement. Engage with the content, retain the content.Inspired consumption is the foundation of retention.Step 2: Unstructured Note-TakingWhen you start consuming, you should have a note-taking system in front of you.Sahil Note: I use Notion for my note taking, but there are probably 10 other options out there (and I’m currently evaluating Obsidian as another option for more networked notes). The old fashioned way—pen and paper—works too, with the caveat that searchable notes are ideal in my opinion.On the first pass through the material, keep your notes as unstructured and free-flowing as possible.What to take note of:Foundation-building ideasNovel insightsThings that made you go “hmmm” or “wow!”Connections you identified to other topicsQuestions or confusionStrong reactions you had to new informationRemember: This first pass of notes is intended to be unstructured. The simple act of writing helps ideas stick.Step 3: ConsolidationZoom out and review your unstructured notes.What are the most interesting, novel insights or ideas? What are the most confusing?Consolidation is where you re-consume content with a specific focus on building structure around your notes in these particular areas.If unstructured note-taking created a bunch of dots, consolidation is where you start connecting them.It doesn't have to be perfect, but you should start to form a more refined picture as you re-consume the content for this purpose.Consolidation is when knowledge begins to stick.Step 4: AnalogizeAnalogizing is the most effective—and least well-known—retention tool.This is where you take your newly-learned information and place it within your broader mental maps. You make clear comparisons and connections between newly-learned and existing information.Here's a real example from my writing to illustrate how this works:I did a bunch of research on Morris Chang and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company for a piece. During my consolidation, it struck me that TSMC's novel pure-play chip manufacturer model had enabled independent chip designers to start their own companies.

Welcome to the 1,151 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 67,557 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Babbel!One of my goals for 2022 is to learn a new language. Studies show that learning a language increases the volume and density of gray matter, the volume of white matter, and brain connectivity.Babbel is the tool I’m using to achieve this goal—it’s one of the world’s top language learning platforms and prepares you for situations you’ll actually encounter in real life. I’ve been blown away by the experience thus far—lessons are just 10 minutes and you can start having basic conversations in the new language in just 3 weeks. Plus, you get access to podcasts, games, videos and more. It’s a great household activity to enjoy with your partner and your kids!For a limited time, you can join me on this journey and get up to 60% off your subscription by using the link below. Take advantage of this amazing offer and get your language learning on today!Today at a Glance:De Beers created the modern diamond industry through the use of market manipulation, psychological hacks, and clever marketing.At its height, De Beers had direct or indirect control of the majority of the global diamond supply chain, allowing it to wield its influence to manage prices.“A Diamond is Forever” was the genius marketing campaign that created the diamond industry as we know it—convincing generations of men and women (1) that diamonds are a show of love—and that the size and quality of the diamond is proportional to the size and quality of the love and (2) that courtship and engagement involve a diamond.Broad-based pushback against the industry and its roots has led to the rise of alternatives—like lab-grown diamonds—but diamonds remain the standard show of love in most Western cultures.Diamonds Aren’t ForeverThe mandate of this newsletter is simple: I explore my curiosity and share what I learn along the way. To be clear, this is an intentionally-broad mandate—I don’t believe that curiosity follows any fixed lesson plan.The topics I will continue to cover include:Growth and decision-makingStartups, investing, business, and financeWriting and storytellingMarketingLifeThe one constant across all of this: I can guarantee you will learn something new and interesting from each and every piece I share. One new idea or insight that will make you smarter or spark your curiosity to go deeper.This is a learning-rich journey and I am fortunate to have almost 70,000 of you along for the ride. We’re just getting started.This felt like a fitting preface to today’s piece. Why? Well, every now and then, a story comes along that grabs my attention and simply won’t let go until I write about it.The story of De Beers and the making of the modern diamond industry is one of those stories. It stands out because it’s not a clear fit for any one of those buckets above—rather, it’s a fit for all of them!So sit back, grab a coffee (or whiskey), and let’s go down this rabbit hole together…The BeginningsThe story of De Beers starts well before the international giant existed.It may be difficult to believe in the current context, but for most of history, diamonds were not a particularly important gem. Largely found in parts of India and Brazil, they were considered rare and beautiful, but had little intrinsic value due to their lack of industrial or monetary use cases. Diamonds were a vanity item of the ultra-ultra-rich—a very niche market.But in 1870, everything began to change.Massive diamond stores were discovered in South Africa near the Orange River, setting off the first diamond rush. South Africa was officially a British colony at the time, which meant that British investors immediately flocked to the region and commissioned labor—both forced and paid—to begin building the diamond mines.It quickly became clear that the new South African mines would be producing never-before-seen quantities of diamonds.The British investors grew worried. In a free market, the glut of supply—and associated dent in the perception of scarcity—would send the price of diamonds into free fall. Given diamonds did not have any major industrial use cases to buoy demand, the perception of scarcity was critical to their price and desirability.So in 1888, one British financier and mining operator proposed a plan…The Making of De BeersCecil Rhodes was born in England in 1853, but after a sickly adolescence marked by severe asthma, his father sent him to South Africa, a climate he believed would be better for his health.Rhodes entered the diamond industry at age 18 in 1871 and began to systematically acquire and consolidate mining operations in South Africa. By 1888, he had built one of the most powerful mining operations in the region.But the diamond industry was in turmoil, with wild price fluctuations and uneven demand. Sensing an opportunity, Cecil Rhodes and his business partners led a push to merge and consolidate the various South African mining companies.His pitch: continued competition meant death; consolidation meant survival.The new company—or cartel, as it were—was named De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. Its explicit goal: to manage diamond production and continue to perpetuate the perception of scarcity and desirability that was so important to the price of the stones.De Beers was officially born.“A Diamond is Forever”Econ 101 Lesson of the Day: There are two sides to every market—supply and demand. The story of De Beers is unique in its practical application of the manipulation of both…Supply-Side ManipulationIn the 20th century, De Beers methodically expanded its influence over the entire diamond supply chain.In addition to having direct control over diamond mining and production, it began to accumulate direct or indirect control of the major diamond trading companies across England, Switzerland, Israel, Belgium, Holland, and Portugal.It was widely known and understood that De Beers controlled the diamond industry. With control over production and distribution, De Beers was able to control the stock and flow of diamonds in the market, effectively creating direct control over prices. While other commodities saw wild price swings, diamonds exhibited no such volatility, creeping steadily upwards over time.But many cartels throughout history have managed to manipulate supply—demand is much mo...

Explore the concept of first principles thinking and its applications in entrepreneurship, investing, and scientific research. Learn how Elon Musk and SpaceX revolutionized rocket building using this approach. Discover a step-by-step guide to applying first principles thinking and the power of questioning beliefs and seeking alternative viewpoints.

Welcome to the 1,441 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 64,851 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Athletic Greens!On last week’s episode of the Where It Happens podcast, we interviewed new Athletic Greens President & COO Kat Cole. Athletic Greens is the one product I use every single day. I have been taking their halo product—AG1—first thing when I wake up for the last 5+ years. It’s my personal nutritional insurance policy.Special Offer: Athletic Greens is offering a free 1-year supply of Vitamin D (for those dark winter months) and 5 travel packs with all new orders to Curiosity Chronicle subscribers. Use the link below to take advantage of this offer!Today at a Glance:In the normal course of my content consumption habits, I come across a steady stream of learnings, ideas, and connections, some of which have an asymmetrical impact on my life.In this post, I share a list of 20+ high-impact ideas on business, investing, growth, and life, all of which were learned or surfaced in the last year.I plan to begin sharing a regular quarterly post of new ideas to bring you along for this learning journey.The Most Powerful IdeasI am an avid content consumer.Content consumption is a core part of my “job”—a critical element of my personal flywheel. I have built a “content engine” (more on that in a future post!) that provides a steady stream of learnings, ideas, and connections, all of which amplify the quality of my investing, business building, and content creation pursuits.In this post, I’d like to share some of the most powerful ideas I have come across over the last year, with additional notes and insights where helpful.So let’s dive right in: 20+ high-impact ideas on business, investing, growth, and life…Time BillionaireTime is our most precious asset.When you're young, you are a "time billionaire”—rich with time. Too many people fail to realize the value of this asset until it is gone.Treat time as your ultimate currency—it’s all you have and you can never get it back.Sahil Note: When I first learned this concept—from a Tim Ferriss podcast with Graham Duncan—it hit me hard. I had spent most of my life prioritizing the value of money or power, when the reality is that time is our most valuable asset, and the only one that cannot be bought or sold. It forced me to think deeply about how I want to spend my time, who I want to spend it with, and why I want to pursue certain paths over others. I would encourage you to think deeply about the same…Darkest Hour FriendsIt's easy to be there for people to celebrate their wins. It takes character to show up for them in their darkest hour.People never forget those who supported them when the chips were down.I call these your “darkest hour friends”—find them, treasure them.Engineered SerendipitySome of what we call "luck" is actually the macro result of thousands of micro actions. Your daily habits can put you in a position where "luck" is more likely to strike.It's possible to increase your serendipity surface area and engineer your own luck.Sahil Note: Serendipity surface area is an interesting concept. When you’re on a “track” in your life or career, you are walking on such a narrow path that very little luck can hit you. The more you open yourself up to the world—to new experiences and people—the more you expand your serendipity surface area. There’s quite literally more area for luck to strike.Leverage"Give me a place to stand and a lever long enough and I shall move the world." - ArchimedesLeverage is anything that multiplies the force of your inputs.Building systems that provide leverage on your time, money, and energy will allow you to create a life you deserve.Sahil Note: Leverage can cut both ways. When used too aggressively, it can be a negative (just ask Archegos or the founders at Long-Term Capital Management). Beware of over-leveraging your life or pursuits!Free Time as a Call OptionYou've incorrectly been told that free time is bad—hustle culture lied to you.The reality: Free time is a call option on future interesting opportunities.When you have free time, you have the headspace and bandwidth to pursue high-upside ideas.Sahil Note: I have learned that the same idea applies to cash. I used to believe that I had to be fully invested, otherwise I was leaving return/yield on the table. But I later realized that cash is a call option on future interesting opportunities. Having some idle cash allows you to invest in that new idea, pursue a weekend project, etc. It’s worth it.Decentralized Friend GroupsThere are two types of friend groups:Centralized: one cluster of friends with shared backgrounds & beliefs.Decentralized: small, varied, unconnected clusters of friends.When in doubt, opt for decentralized friend groups. The variety of backgrounds and beliefs is the key to developing independent thought.Sahil Note: I picked this up from my friend George Mack, who I would consider part of one of my decentralized friend groups. The internet affords ample opportunity to build these groups. Join a few Discord servers, share ideas, build a micro-community. There has never been a better time in history to do it.Work Like a Lion9-5 work culture is a remnant of the Industrial Age—it emphasizes long periods of steady, monotonous work.Most people are not wired to work 9-5. Parkinson’s Law states that work expands to fill the time available for its completion. When you establish fixed hours to do your work, you find unproductive ways to fill it—you work longer, but get less done.In the Digital Age, those who do creative work will stand out and be rewarded. If your goal is to do this inspired, creative work, you have to work like a lion.Wait. SPRINT. Eat. Rest. Repeat.Q1 RelationshipsAll relationships exist on a 2x2 matrix of:How healthy it isHow enjoyable it isQ1 relationships are healthy & enjoyable. Focus on spending more energy on your Q1 relationships—cherish them.Scrub the Q4s from your life.Sahil Note: I learned this from my friend Tim Urban, who is one of the deepest thinkers I know. If you aren’t already following him, you should do that ASAP…The Persuasion ParadoxHave you noticed that the most argumentative people rarely persuade anyone of anything?The most persuasive people don’t argue—they observe, listen, and ask questions. Argue less, persuade more.Persuasion is an art that requires a paintbrush, not a sledgehammer.Inversion“All I want to know is where I’m going to die, so I’ll never go there." - Charlie MungerThe best innovators think forward AND backward.When faced with a challenging problem, reframe it in inverse form—new perspective allows you to solve the problem more creatively.Sahil Note: Inversion is one of my favorite mental models. You can use it for generating new business ideas, solving complex problems, or managing and maintaining healthy personal and professional relationships. The use cases are literall...

Welcome to the 808 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 63,073 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Revelo!If you’re a growing technology company, chances are you’re struggling to find talented developers right now.Revelo helps companies like GitHub, Intuit, and Carta hire faster, so they can grow faster! It’s a talent platform that matches you with vetted remote developers in Latin America who work in US time zones. It offers a full-suite platform that covers payroll, benefits, compliance, and more, allowing you to hire full-time remote developers without the headaches.Get matched with vetted candidates within 3 days—guaranteed. They even offer a 100% risk-free 14-day trial. If you’re not satisfied, you pay nothing.SPECIAL OFFER: Revelo is offering Curiosity Chronicle subscribers 20% off the first 3 months of any hire! Use the link below to take advantage of this crazy deal!Today at a Glance:Curiosity and inspiration are perishable—they must be acted upon when they strike. But unfortunately, despite its importance to your career and life, learning is not a skill we’re ever explicitly taught how to approach.The Feynman Technique is a beautiful, intuitive framework for learning literally anything.The process in a nutshell: identify a topic, research it deeply, attempt to explain it to a child, and then study to fill in the gaps.The Feynman TechniqueCuriosity is unpredictable.It strikes at random—and often inopportune—moments. But it is also notoriously perishable, so it must be acted upon.Let’s assume for a moment that you've been bit by the curiosity bug and are ready to act on it—ready to learn something new and (hopefully) exciting.Now what? Where do you start? What approach do you take?You’re inspired and motivated to learn, but you don’t even know where to begin.Unfortunately, despite its importance to your career and life, learning is not a skill we’re ever explicitly taught how to approach.Let’s fix that…In today’s piece, I’d like to talk about a beautiful, intuitive framework for learning literally anything: The Feynman Technique.IntroductionRichard Feynman was an American theoretical physicist born in 1918 in New York City.Feynman was a very late talker—he didn’t utter a word until he was three—but it was clear from a young age that he was extremely observant and intelligent. His parents valued non-consensus thinking—they constantly encouraged young Richard to ask questions and think independently.Feynman taught himself advanced mathematics in his teens and would go on to earn a B.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a PhD from Princeton University. He would then become famous for his work in quantum electrodynamics and receive the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 for his contributions to the field.So yes, you could say that Richard Feynman was intelligent...But there are a lot of intelligent people in the world. Feynman's true genius was in his ability to convey extremely complex ideas in simple, elegant, digestible ways—to abstract complexity and deliver simplicity.He had observed at a young age that complex language is often used to mask a lack of deep understanding. As a rule of thumb, if someone uses a lot of acronyms and jargon to explain something to you, they probably don’t understand it very well themselves.We've all encountered this type of “expert” at one time or another…What was Richard Feynman’s secret? He had developed a learning framework—accidentally or intentionally—that forced a deep, elegant understanding of a topic that most people never achieve.The Feynman Technique: How It WorksThe Feynman Technique can be broken down into five key steps:Set the StageRead & ResearchELI5 (Explain It To Me Like I'm 5)Assess & StudyOrganize, Convey & ReviewLet's walk through each step, including notes on how I personally implement each one in my own learning processes…Step 1: Set the StageWhat’s the topic you want to learn?Starting with a blank page, write the topic at the top and jot down everything you know about it. For some topics, that might be precisely nothing; for others, it might be a lot.The starting point is irrelevant, you’re just setting the stage.Sahil Notes: I like to use Notion for tracking and managing my various research and learning efforts. It’s just a personal preference, so you can identify what works for you. I keep a “Knowledge Neural Net” board and for each new topic, I create a new page. I can then go back and connect ideas and topics as I see fit.Step 2: Read & ResearchNow that you have a baseline of your starting knowledge, you can begin your reading and research.The most effective strategy for research: start horizontal, then go vertical.Horizontal = BreadthVertical = DepthHere’s a simple visualization of how I think about this process:Horizontal Research (“HR”): Lays the foundation for your learning. When you start horizontal, you gather information across the full breadth of the topic area. This gives you the capacity to "see the entire field”—it draws a surface-level map of the topic. With horizontal research, it’s perfectly acceptable to keep it simple: Google and Wikipedia (sorry to all of my high school teachers!) are both great tools.Vertical Research (“VR”): Historically much more challenging—it typically required hours of finding and reading long, dense books on a topic. But in the Information Age, we have a diverse array of tools that provide much higher time leverage. These tools include (but are not limited to): Reddit, Twitter, Newsletters, Podcasts, Expert Networks, Books. With these tools, you’ll be able to go vertical—quickly and effectively—on any topic.Take notes, cite sources, and track gaps as you go. This step is where you start to build out your knowledge base on a topic.Sahil Notes: I really try to take my time in this phase. True depth of understanding requires significant time. I find it helpful to conduct this research in sprints—short bursts of high intensity research—rather than in jogs. Try to create mental maps that connect together pieces of information as you go—it will help cement new learnings.Step 3: ELI5Ok, so up to this point, it all feels like a standard process—no Feynman touch. But here's where it gets fun (and challenging)…Attempt to explain the topic to a child—figuratively (or literally if you're ambitious!).On a new blank page, distill everything you know about your topic—but now pretend you are explaining it to a child. Use exclusively simple language.Sahil Notes: In this step, rather than a blank page, I simply create a new header in my same Notion tab. Below this header, I attempt to distill the highlights of the topic into 1-2 paragraphs. I think of this as the “elevator pitch” or “cocktail party fodder” on the topic—i.e. the 60-second bit that I would use to explain the topic to any new acquaintance. The key is that you have to distill and write in a way that assumes the individual is “uninitiated” on the topic.Step 4: Assess & StudyTest it out. Try your “elevator pitch” on another person. How’d you do? Reflect on your performance—form a balanc...

Welcome to the 3,290 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday (🤯). Join the 61,177 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Revelo!If you’re a growing technology company, chances are you’re struggling to find talented developers right now. It’s a massive problem.Revelo is your solution—the largest talent platform to match you with vetted full-time remote developers in Latin America who work in US time zones. It offers an all-encompassing platform that covers payroll, benefits, compliance, and more, allowing you to hire full-time remote developers without the logistical headaches.Revelo helps companies like GitHub, Intuit, and Carta hire faster, so they can grow faster! Get matched with vetted candidates within 3 days—guaranteed. They even offer a 100% risk-free 14-day trial. If you’re not satisfied, you pay nothing.SPECIAL OFFER: Revelo is offering Curiosity Chronicle subscribers 20% off the first 3 months of any hire! Use the link below to take advantage of this crazy deal!Today at a Glance:Goal setting is everywhere—we all set goals, but very few do it well. Why? Goal setting is equal parts art and science—it’s a craft that must be honed like any other.The new framework for goal setting involves five core steps: (1) Set the Stage, (2) Identify BHAG, (3) Work Backwards, (4) Establish Process Goals, (5) Track & Adjust.It’s critical to avoid goal competition and paralysis. To stay focused, the framework only allows for 1 BHAG (Big Hairy Audacious Goal), 1 connected medium-term goal, and 2-3 daily process goals per category.The Goal Setting GuideWell, we made it. Welcome to 2022!2021 had a whole lot of twists and turns, but if you’re reading this, you managed to navigate them all and come out on the other side. Congratulations on surviving another year in this crazy simulation we call life.Pardon the cliché, but a new year signifies a new opportunity. It’s officially time to look ahead to the opportunity before us, plant a stake in the ground, and attack 2022 with boundless energy.Hopefully you rested up over the holiday break, because it’s time to go…An Intro to Goal SettingFrom a young age, we are taught to set goals—first for our grades and athletic endeavors, next for our careers, and last for our health and lives.Goal setting is everywhere—we all set goals, but very few do it well.Take me as an example. I'm very goal-oriented. But I've set—and then failed to achieve—many over the years. I would start the new year with an ambitious set of goals and then slowly fall short on most of them.Discouraged, I started reading more on goal setting to understand why…What I’ve learned: Goal setting is equal parts art and science—it’s a craft that must be honed like any other. Most importantly, there is a clear framework for successful goal setting—a better way.Put simply, consistent goal achievement is never an accident.In this piece, I will share my new framework for goal setting.Goal Setting: A New FrameworkFirst, it’s worth pointing out that most of us struggle with the same set of issues with respect to goal setting.The most common issues:Too Many: Goal competition occurs, with goals effectively competing against one another for your time and mindshare. Too Loose: Weak, unstructured goals lacking clear metrics or time bounds.Not Tied to Actions: Lack of clear process actions to achieve them.Unfit Environment: Environment unsuited for consistent execution.If you've struggled with goal setting (like me), chances are one of these issues is to blame.But let’s get to the better way—a new framework for goal setting that will allow you to set and smash your goals for 2022.It involves five core steps:Set the StageIdentify BHAGWork BackwardsEstablish Process GoalsTrack & AdjustThe general framework is fixed, but its application is intended to be dynamic and iterative.Let's dive right in…Step 1: Set the StageIn the first step, you’ll establish the categories that you'll be building goals around.For me, it’s three:PersonalProfessionalHealthNote: I find that covering these three areas forces progress in all major domains of my life, but some people will likely prefer a more narrow focus with just one. That’s totally fine!Within each category you choose, you only have room for:1 BHAG (Big Hairy Audacious Goal): Your big, bold goal.1 Connected Medium-Term Goal: Interim goal on the path to the BHAG.2-3 Daily Process Goals: Daily actions and habits.That's it—that’s all you’re allowed. Nothing more. The clarity and simplicity this limitation forces is a core feature of the framework.Step 2: Identify BHAGYour BHAG—Big Hairy Audacious Goal—is exactly what it sounds like. It should be big and ambitious (but stop short of being completely ridiculous).Think of this as your North Star for the year.It's the metaphorical poster on your wall—motivating on an abstract macro scale, but perhaps too grand and scary to be motivating on a micro daily basis.Remember: You can only have one BHAG within a category! In my case, that means one professional BHAG, one personal BHAG, and one health BHAG. Too many and you get goal competition and paralysis.Crystallize your BHAGs.Write them down, print them out, put them on your wall if you want. Whatever works for you.Step 3: Work BackwardsStep 3 forces you to confront and manage a goal setting reality: BHAGs are great for vision, but TERRIBLE for guiding short and medium-term actions.To manage this, work backwards from the BHAG to identify one medium-term goal that is connected to it.If you imagine your year as a mountain and your BHAG is the summit, the connected medium-term goal is a mid-climb campsite. You can’t reach the summit without reaching this point—all roads lead directly through it.Note: There are time considerations to this step. If your BHAG is an annual goal, you may want to establish a new connected medium-term goal on a rolling quarterly basis. You don't need to plan the connected medium-term goals ahead of time. Be dynamic and flexible about these.Step 4: Establish Process GoalsProcess goals are the key to the entire framework.What are the 2-3 daily actions that you would need to take to create tangible, compounding progress? These should be the SIMPLEST daily actions. The "atomic units" of progress in a given arena.A few simple examples of process goals for different areas:Writing: 30 minutes of daily focused writing.Fitness: 30 minutes of movement per day.Health: No processed foods on weekdays; no alcohol on weekdays.Whereas the BHAG and medium-term connected goals are generally results-focused, the process goals are inputs-focused. These are the daily deposits you are going to make into the bank. The tiny daily actions that compound to create massive long-term results.My friend James Clear calls the daily process goals the "oars" that move your boat, while the BHAGs and medium-term goals are the "rudders" that set the direction.I l...

Welcome to the 1,253 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 56,355 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week. Also be sure to follow and subscribe to my new podcast—Where It Happens—and join our 3,000+ person community on Discord!Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Trends!Trends is my personal cheat code for generating new business ideas.It’s a premium newsletter from The Hustle that deconstructs the secret sauce of interesting businesses, side hustles, and emerging opportunities—and gives you the playbook to pounce on them. Even better, membership provides instant access to an exclusive community of 15,000+ entrepreneurs who are building the future.I learn something new from every single issue—it has become a core part of my content and learning engine. I can’t recommend highly enough.Use the link below to join—no commitment, no catch, cancel anytime!Today at a Glance:At the end of every year, I sit down and reflect on what I learned. There is no specific aim or purpose to the exercise—the goal is to put on wings, fly up to 10,000 feet, and assess myself and the year that has passed.2021 was a uniquely transformative year for my life. So for the first time, I attempted to synthesize that jumble.Today’s piece is the result of that attempt: 21 lessons learned in 2021.21 Lessons Learned in 2021At the end of every year, I sit down and reflect on what I learned.I’ve been conducting this self-reflection exercise for the last 10 years, with varying degrees of structure and rigor.There is no specific aim or purpose to the exercise—the goal is to put on wings, fly up to 10,000 feet, and assess myself and the year that has passed.Generally speaking, the reflection has been free flowing and resulted in a jumble of words and thoughts in a notebook. But this year felt different. It was a uniquely transformative year for my life.So for the first time, I attempted to synthesize that jumble—to abstract the chaos into something simple and coherent.Today’s piece is the result of that attempt: my 21 lessons learned in 2021…Engineered SerendipityI believe that some of what we call "luck" is actually the macro result of 1,000s of micro actions.Your daily habits can put you in a position where "luck" is more likely to strike.Increase your serendipity surface area. Engineer your own serendipity.Pessimists Sound Smart, Optimists Get RichPessimists look at the future and see the doors that are closed.Optimists look at the future and see the doors that are open—and probably kick down the closed doors, too.Surround yourself with optimists—those who believe the future is bright will make it so.The Exponential Growth ChallengeHuman brains cannot fathom the insane power of exponential growth. We consistently underestimate its impact.When you're on an exponential growth curve—stop trying to set specific goals.Strap in, keep your head back, and enjoy the ride.Work Like a LionMost people are not wired to work 9-5.Modern work culture is a remnant of the Industrial Age—long periods of steady, monotonous work.If your goal is to do inspired, creative work, you have to work like a lion.Sprint when inspired. Rest. Repeat.Overestimate a Day, Underestimate a YearWe overestimate what we can accomplish in a day, and underestimate what we can accomplish in a year.To fight this, focus on small daily actions that compound over the long-term.Small things become big things. When in doubt, zoom out.Ruthlessly Eliminate NegativityEveryone has a few negative people in their circle. They tell you to be realistic. They laugh at your ambition.Eliminate this negativity from your life. It's a boat anchor holding you back from your true potential—cut the damn line.Tolerance for UncertaintyHaving a high tolerance for uncertainty is a unique competitive advantage. It prevents you from settling.When we fear uncertainty, we settle to escape its grasp.Tolerate uncertainty for a bit longer—never settle for less than you deserve.Step into the ArenaIt's easy to stand on the sidelines.It's hard to step into the arena. It's scary to put yourself out there, to expose yourself, to become vulnerable.But it makes all the difference. Get off the sidelines. Be the Man—or Woman!—in the Arena.Go For More WalksWant to get unstuck? Go for a walk.No phone. No music. No podcasts. Just you, your thoughts, and the fresh air.When you let your mind wander—in its true natural state—good things happen. It works—I guarantee it.Put Family FirstIn May, I woke up one morning and told my wife that I wanted to move back to the East Coast to be closer to family.That month, we sold our house in California and moved to New York. It has been one of the best decisions I’ve ever made. The simple moments with family and friends are, quite literally, priceless.Life is short & fragile—you'll never regret spending more time with your loved ones.The Dots Really Do ConnectIn his 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech, Steve Jobs talked about having faith that the dots will somehow connect in your life.In 2021, I finally started to see my dots connecting. Not perfectly, but the connections are slowly coming into view. It’s a beautiful and encouraging thing.If you haven't seen it yet, stay the course. Trust in something.It's Darkest Before the DawnIn May, I got rejected for a job after months of interviews.It was a gut punch. I felt lost in the darkness. I went to sleep that night with no motivation or vision for what I would focus on the next morning. Put simply, it sucked.But within a week, an amazing path magically came into view."It's always darkest before the dawn" is a cliché, but I now believe it's true.Learn to Say NoI've always had a really tough time saying no. I would take on too much and then be forced to grind my way through it.The ability to say no is a superpower of highly successful people.Be deliberate about what you spend your time on—and who you spend it with.Pay It ForwardNo matter how far you go, always remember that you didn’t make it on your own.Pay it forward. Be a mentor. Be a champion for others. Their growth should become a source of tremendous joy and pride.Operate in Your Zone of GeniusYour Zone of Genius is where your interests, passions and skills align.Find yours, then slowly shift your life to spend more time in it. Start playing games you are uniquely well-suited to win.You'll find more happiness, fulfillment, and success.The Big Change DilemmaSmall changes can happen naturally. Big changes only happen with a massive, deliberate push.You cannot expect big changes to happen on their own. You have to force the issue. It's scary as s**t.If you believe in something, close your eyes and jump.Delegate Uncomfortably EarlyIf you have to ask if it's time to delegate, it's already too late.Trust me, I learned this the hard way...Wh...

Welcome to the 749 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 54,500 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week. Also be sure to follow and subscribe to my new podcast—Where It Happens—on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube!Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Lemon.io!Lemon.io fixes the developer headache—it makes hiring remote developer talent as easy as ordering a meal on DoorDash. Tell them about your project and they match you with an affordable, vetted developer in Eastern Europe within 48 hours. Guaranteed. I’ve used it for several quick projects and have loved the experience.SPECIAL OFFER: 15% discount for the first 4 weeks of work for all Curiosity Chronicle subscribers. Take advantage by using the link below!Today at a Glance:Study the lives and practices of today’s most successful entrepreneurs, financiers, and builders and you’ll find one common trait: a deep, visceral understanding of the importance of powerful, efficient, high-leverage writing.Why? These leaders know that powerful writing isn't an accident—clear writing is clear thinking.The four key principles of powerful business writing: (1) Draft Fast, Edit Slow, (2) KISS, (3) Clear Target Reaction, and (4) Storytelling.The Power Business Writing GuideWant to accelerate your career? Write better. Period.Study the lives and practices of today’s most successful entrepreneurs, financiers, and builders and you’ll find one common trait: a deep, visceral understanding of the importance of powerful, efficient, high-leverage writing.Jeff Bezos famously installed memo writing as a mainstay of Amazon’s business culture. Prior to kicking off a meeting, attendees would be asked to read and digest several pages of written memos from the meeting leads. Why? Bezos deeply believed in the value of these memos, not only for the uninformed participants, but also for the meeting leads to clarify their thinking through the writing process.Warren Buffett famously writes an annual shareholder letter, distilling insights on billions of dollars in investments into a single memo.The list of writing advocates goes on and on…Why? These leaders know that powerful writing isn't an accident—clear writing is clear thinking.In this piece, I will attempt to deconstruct the four key principles of powerful business writing…They are as follows:Draft Fast, Edit SlowKISSClear Target ReactionStorytellingI’ll cover each principle and provide some additional learning resources:Principle 1: Draft Fast, Edit SlowThere's nothing more daunting than a blank page.We have all experienced it at one time or another—sitting at our desk, staring into the abyss of a blank Word document or notebook page, with no idea where to start. The perfect line is illusive, and everyone knows you need a perfect first line…The solution?Play a trick on yourself. Start writing, fast. Get a draft down—and don’t worry at all about the quality (seriously, it’s ok if it sucks).My friend Julian Shapiro said it best: “Making something bad then iterating until it’s good is faster than making something good upfront.”Here's a framework that works for me: Write-Rest-Review.Write-Rest-ReviewGet the first draft down as quickly as possible.Walk away for 5 minutes—go for a walk, grab a coffee, listen to some music, whatever. Come back and review the draft with the benefit of that refresh.Ask a bunch of questions:What's missing?Where are the logical flaws?Where are the cracks?Where is the writing loose or flimsy?When you review with "new" eyes, good things tend to happen.Try out Write-Rest-Review and let me know how it works for you!Principle 2: Keep It Simple, StupidMost people assume that longer, more complex writing will impress and inspire.Sorry, it doesn't.Great business writing is simple and direct. There's no fluff or handwaving—it's tactical.A few actionable tips to tighten and simplify:Cut the FluffIn school, we were taught to heap descriptors into our writing. We were told it made it more vibrant. It also helped fill out the word or page count we were forced to hit…In the real world, those fluff words are the silent killers of powerful business writing.Review your draft with an eye towards removing any unnecessary words & sentences.Some common fluff:"I think X""Very" (or similar adverbs)AcronymsJargon$10 words (i.e. fancy, big, long words)Be ruthless in identifying and eliminating the fluff words & sentences from your writing.Shorten EverythingPowerful business writing is very similar to powerful Twitter writing: short, punchy writing is better.Use short sentence structures.Space sentences or paragraphs out to make the writing more optically pleasing. Great business writing should be engaging to the eye.I have found writing more on Twitter to be a force amplifier for my business writing—it’s a forced brevity training ground. Use it to your advantage as you work at your craft.Add DataThis is a classic principle instilled by Jeff Bezos in Amazon's writing-centric culture.When in doubt, replace fluff words with data.Before: "The majority of viewers loved the show."After: "95% of viewers rated the show with 5-stars."The after is clear & much more impactful!Principle 3: Clear Target ReactionGreat business writing has a clear target reaction—a deliberate purpose or aim.That target reaction should be experienced by the reader immediately. As my friend Sam Parr says, "Punch the reader in the face with your first sentence."Amazon calls it the "so what?" test:Before you share any piece of business writing, identify the "so what?" of the piece. What reaction, value, or takeaway should the audience have? Is it coming across loud and clear? If not, go back to the drawing board and punch harder.This target reaction should be a central focus during your writing process. I force it into mind by putting a big sticker with the target reaction at the top of the page (to be removed at the end).Principle 4: StorytellingStorytelling is a foundational skill—but it's one we don’t learn in the traditional education system. It's no coincidence that the greatest CEOs & founders are the greatest storytellers. High-leverage storytelling is a supercharger for all endeavors.Humans are naturally wired as storytelling creatures—we developed around campfires. Lean into this wiring.Adding a story to a memo on a dry topic can bring the entire piece to life. Simple, crisp stories enhance the power of the message.A few ideas for you:Add a mini anecdote to illustrate a point.Use a folksy one-liner to draw people ...

Welcome to the 1,456 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 53,312 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.And if you haven’t already done so, check out the Where It Happens podcast! Follow us on Apple Podcasts and Spotify, plus subscribe on YouTube so you never miss a beat.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Eight Sleep!Eight Sleep has legitimately changed my life.Great sleep = great performance. Sleep is the secret weapon of the world’s top performers. Thousands of CEOs, investors, and operators—and this humble newsletter writer—rely on the Eight Sleep Pod Pro to power their performance. It has patented technology to help you sleep at the perfect temperature all night, which research has shown can make you fall asleep faster and sleep deeper—so you can wake up energized to attack the day.Special Offer: For a limited time, Curiosity Chronicle subscribers can use the special link below to get $250 off on their first Eight Sleep purchase!Today at a Glance:I recently found out I’m going to be a father. In reflecting on my own life, I sketched out a long list of principles I hope to teach my child as they grow up.While I readily acknowledge that he will—as I did—have to fall painfully to learn many of these, I will do my best to teach—and embody!—all of them.Perhaps I need to lower my expectations and embrace the chaos. I’ve never really been the type to walk away from a challenge, though, so consider this piece my stake in the ground.Principles of LifeI recently found out I'm going to be a father.I’ve always considered myself something of an introspective individual—I try to reflect regularly on my motivations, mistakes, learnings, principles, and frameworks. I find that the act of reflection provides value—it helps the good stick and the bad wither.So perhaps it isn’t all that surprising that the news of my upcoming responsibility raise—to that of “Dad”—has taken my introspection to another level.With that in mind, I sat down recently to sketch out a long list of principles of life—formed through my failures, missteps, stumbles, and successes—that I hope to be able to teach my child as they grow up.While I readily acknowledge that he will—as I did—have to fall painfully to learn many of these, I will do my best to teach—and embody!—all of them.With that as a backdrop, here are the 20+ principles I hope to teach my child to live by…Be InterestedTalent is overrated—interest is not.What does it mean to be interested? Interested people are prone to giving their deep attention to something to discover more about it. They ask questions, listen, & observe. They open up to the world around them.Being interested is a key to a fulfilling life.Show Up in the Darkest HourIt's easy to be there for people to celebrate their wins. It takes character to show up for them in their darkest hour.People never forget who supported them when the chips were down.Be the friend who is always there—in good times and bad.Different is BeautifulWhen you’re a kid, you’re told that different is ugly. Growing up, I feared being different—I desperately wanted to fit in, but I couldn't figure out how.Was I Indian or white? Was I an athlete or a nerd? The struggle to conform to a single identity led to bad decisions grounded in insecurity. The reality was I was all of those things. I was just different.It took growing up and a lot of mistakes and soul searching to realize: being different is an edge—it’s the ultimate competitive advantage.No one can compete with you, at being you.Work HardIf you want to accomplish anything in life, you have to work hard. Full stop.But beware the hype. Hard work isn't the sexy, flashy social media posts saying "rise & grind”—it's the ugly, painful effort in the dark, when no one is watching.If you want something, go get it. Period.Be Kind to OthersKindness remains severely underrated.It fosters relationships, reduces stress and anxiety, and improves overall happiness.When you are consistently, genuinely kind, you become a magnet for the highest-quality people.Change Your MindWillingness to change one's mind is a rarity in today's society.It's great to have a strong view, but always open your mind to counterarguments.Stubborn objection to alternative perspectives stalls progress. Strive for strong opinions, weakly held.Operate in Your Zone of GeniusYour Zone of Genius is where your interests, passions and skills align.Operating in your Zone of Genius means playing games you are uniquely well-suited to win. Once you identify it, you can stop playing *their* games and start playing *yours*.Be AccountableA sad, troubling reality: Life isn't fair.But instead of wasting energy on every obstacle in your way, focus on what you can control and how you can break through the wall.Stop looking out. Look in. Own your s***.Listen More & Argue LessHave you noticed that the most argumentative people rarely persuade anyone of anything?The most persuasive people don’t argue—they observe, listen, and ask questions.Argue less, persuade more. Persuasion is an art that requires a paintbrush, not a sledgehammer.Follow Your CuriosityHumans are born with astonishing curiosity. But somewhere along the way, we're told to stop asking questions.Push back. Learn to follow your curiosity—trust it.For the curious mind, anything is possible. Fortune favors the curious.Closed Mouths Don't Get FedA little push goes a long way.Don't sit back and wait for good things to happen. If you want something—and you’ve put in the work for it—ask for it.Worst case: you’re told no and nothing has changed.Best case: it’s yours.Never Get Too Big to Do the SmallThe leaders of the New Zealand All Blacks rugby team famously stay late to sweep the shed after a match.Whether you're in the mailroom or the corner office, never get too big to do the small things well.Remember: Small things become big things.Be PresentWith the rise of technology—and the instant access to dopamine that it has provided—the ability to be truly present has become a rarity.When you’re with someone—whether a business contact, friend, or partner—be WITH them.Put the phone down.Be AntifragileIn Greek mythology, the Hydra is a creature that has multiple heads. When 1 head is cut off, 2 grow back in its place.Life is random and chaotic. Don't be broken by the chaos—rather, adopt a mentality and build structure such that you will benefit from it.Don't Be Afraid to Get Punched in the FaceYou have to fail more to succeed more.Our greatest moments of growth often stem directly from our greatest failures. Don’t fear failure, just learn to fail smart and fast.Getting ...

Welcome to the 521 new members of the curiosity tribe who have joined us since Friday. Join the 51,175 others who are receiving high-signal, curiosity-inducing content every single week.And if you haven’t already done so, check out the Where It Happens podcast! Follow us on Apple Podcasts and Spotify, plus subscribe on YouTube so you never miss a beat.Today’s newsletter is brought to you by Lemon.io!I was recently working on a project and needed a developer, but I knew the process of finding, vetting, and hiring one was going to be an expensive headache.Lemon.io fixes this—it makes hiring remote developer talent as easy as ordering a meal on UberEats. Tell them about your project and they match you with an affordable, vetted developer in Eastern Europe within 48 hours. It’s as simple as that.Lemon.io is offering a special 15% discount for the first 4 weeks of work for all Curiosity Chronicle subscribers. Sign up at the link below to take advantage of the offer!Today at a Glance:One cold email can literally change your life. But a cold email success is never an accident. You need a framework for writing and executing highly-effective cold outreach.The principles of a great cold email: Short & Sweet, Personalized, Credentials or Social Proof, Create Value, and a Clear Call-to-Action.Importantly, these principles apply to any form of cold outreach (Twitter DM, etc.), so can be leveraged broadly for a variety of use cases and needs.The Cold Email GuideOne cold email can change your life. It can open doors to a new job, secure a new mentor, or unlock new opportunities.A cold email—as an investment—has the ultimate asymmetric return profile: Huge upside, limited downside.In this piece, I will attempt to deconstruct a framework for optimizing your cold outreach in order to further accentuate that beautiful return profile…BackgroundI’ve sent (and received) a lot of cold emails—some great, some not.What I've learned: a cold email success is never an accident. There are very specific principles of great cold emails that you can apply to enhance your cold outreach efforts today.The best part? The results are instantaneous.So let’s just dive right in…the core principles of a great cold email:Short & SweetPersonalizedCredentials or Social ProofCreate ValueClear Call-to-ActionI’ll cover each principle and then workshop a few examples:Short & SweetIf you're sending a cold email to someone, remember that the person receiving it probably gets a lot of these. They don't have time—or energy—to read through long and winding notes.Keep it short and sweet!Space out the text to make it optically inviting. To bring this point to life, here are two emails—identical content, different spacing.Option A:Option B:Same exact email—one a block of text, one spaced out. Option B (the spaced out version) is so much more digestible and optically inviting for a reader. As such, Option B is much more likely to elicit a response.PersonalizedNo one likes a generic email—it's going to get auto-deleted 99% of the time.Personal touches can make all the difference in the effectiveness of a cold email. They require a bit more upfront time investment—for background research, diligence, and execution—but have the potential to create a 10x+ impact.Do your research on the person you are emailing. A simple search across Google, Twitter, and LinkedIn will probably take you 15 minutes and is definitely worth it.Then include some of these findings in your note.A few to consider:Reference a book they loveMention a podcast they were on (with a specific insight you gleaned from listening to it)Compliment their workThe goal: Make it clear you didn't send out hundreds of the note (even if you did).Credentials or Social ProofThe infusion of credentials or social proof is an important—yet often overlooked—element of successful cold outreach. Credentials and social proof are, in effect, the reasons the person should take you seriously.Credentials are just the outward markers of your success to date—degrees, accolades, awards, etc.Social Proof is formally defined as a psychological phenomenon where people imitate the actions of others in an attempt to behave appropriately for a specific situation.In the context of cold emails, this means that the receiver should be given examples of others—hopefully impressive others—who have responded in the way that you want this receiver to respond.“In recent weeks, I’ve interviewed Barack Obama, Elon Musk, and the Pope.”The receiver immediately sees (a) big names and (b) the action—it sparks their intrinsic psychological desire to follow suit.In infusing these credentials and social proof, don't be humble—let it shine.What have you done or created that is interesting or notable? Who has engaged? Show the receiver that they would be crazy to ignore your email!Create ValueMy foundational rule (in business & life): create value, receive value.If you create value for the person you’re emailing, they are much more likely to engage.What can you do to save them time or reduce their stress? It can be small—a little goes a long way.Note: I consider this an optional add-in. If there is a clear way to include it, go for it. If not, skip it.Clear CTAEvery successful cold email has a very clear call-to-action (“CTA”). This is the specific response you are attempting to elicit from the receiver.A few common examples:Take a coffee meetingAgree to join a podcast or interviewReview your startup pitch deckTake a sales callThe CTA has to be specific and succinct.Use hard enters and spacing to make sure it stands alone in the body of the email. This is important. It should be effortless to find and understand the ask.Be bold, but don't overreach. Make it easy to say yes!ExamplesNow that we’ve covered the key principles of great cold emails, let's workshop a few of my favorite examples of successful ones.I'll try to provide a quick breakdown of why they worked—grounded in the key principles we just covered:Internship Email to Evan SpiegelThis is a relatively famous one that made the viral rounds on social media over the last couple of years. High schooler emails CEO of Snapchat and winds up with an opportunity for an internship.But why did it work?Short & Sweet: Extremely short and to the point (even going as far as calling out the brevity of the email upfront).Credentials: Includes clear credentials around programming experience and capabilities.Clear CTA: Specific question and ask in the last line of the email.This was a brilliant example of effective brevity. Any high school junior who has done this much—and is bold enough to make this ask—deserves to be taken seriously.Em...