School of War Ep 221: Joel Wuthnow and Phillip Saunders on China’s PLA
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Aug 12, 2025 
Joel Wuthnow and Phillip Saunders, experts on China's military at the U.S. National Defense University, delve into the complex world of the People’s Liberation Army. They discuss the PLA's historical roots and its intricate structure tied closely to the Communist Party. The conversation highlights Xi Jinping's unique military leadership and contrasts it with previous leaders. They also explore the strategic implications of China's Belt and Road Initiative, military diplomacy, and the importance of unpredictability in countering PLA strategies.
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Party's Army Origins
- The PLA originated as the Chinese Communist Party's armed wing and swears loyalty to the party rather than a constitution.
- This origin shapes persistent political control mechanisms and institutional priorities.
Dual Command And Commissars
- The PLA uses a dual command with political commissars and party committees embedded down to submarines.
- That system prioritizes party control over battlefield initiative.
Domestic Security Shift Post‑Tiananmen
- After Tiananmen the party reduced PLA street policing and built the People's Armed Police and techno‑surveillance state.
- Joel Wuthnow says the PLA now focuses on preparing for war abroad.
