
New Books Network Sonia Hazard, "Empire of Print: Evangelical Power in an Age of Mass Media" (Oxford UP, 2025)
Jan 14, 2026
Sonia Hazard, an assistant professor at Florida State University, discusses her book, which examines how the American Tract Society harnessed print media for evangelism in the 19th century. She reveals the staggering volume of 5.6 billion printed pages and how the design of tracts was crafted to engage and convert readers. The conversation highlights the societal impact of media infrastructure, the ATS's strategies for reaching marginalized audiences, and unexpected connections to today's media landscapes. There's much to ponder about power dynamics in a media-saturated world!
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Infrastructure Over Content
- The ATS built evangelical power through media infrastructure rather than just content or volume of print.
- Infrastructure shaped how, when, and why readers engaged with texts to prompt religious commitment.
Format Shapes Reading Habits
- Media format decisions (size, binding, illustration) intentionally guided reader behavior and circulation.
- Tracts were designed thin, cheap, and eye-catching to be carried, displayed, and opened by passersby.
A Tract That 'Arrested' A Farmer
- The ATS relished anecdotes where a tract's title or image caught a hostile reader's eye and triggered conversion.
- These stories illustrated how visual faces on tracts were meant to 'arrest' attention and prompt religious change.




