Nate Hagens is joined by Graham Palmer, a scholar and engineer in the field of energy, to discuss the critical role of energy storage in shaping societies throughout history. They explore the challenges and potential solutions for energy storage, including the impact on the financial system and the Energy Return on Investment (E.R.O.I.) of intermittent energy sources. They also touch on topics such as housing affordability, contrasting market-based capitalism with a caring economy, and exploring energy consumption and the good life.
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Quick takeaways
Energy storage has shaped civilizations and allowed for the development of complex societies and political power structures.
The transition to renewable energy sources raises the need for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions like batteries, pumped hydro, and hydrogen.
Transitioning to a renewable energy future requires significant storage capacity, geographic and technological diversity, and careful consideration of impacts and sustainability.
Deep dives
The Role of Energy Storage in Human History
Energy storage has played a crucial role in human history. From the Neolithic transition to the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Oil, storage has allowed humans to accumulate and regulate the flow of energy. It has enabled the development of complex societies, hierarchies, and political power structures. The availability of storage has influenced the evolution of civilizations and the control of energy resources. Looking ahead, the transition to a more intermittent and renewable energy future raises questions about the amount and type of storage needed. The current focus is on batteries, pumped hydro, and hydrogen. However, the proper balance between supply reliability, cost, and environmental impacts remains a challenge.
The Importance of Energy Storage
Energy storage is critical for ensuring reliable and controlled flows of energy. Traditionally, energy was stored in natural stocks such as biomass and fossil fuels. However, with the transition to renewable energy sources, the need for efficient energy storage becomes more prominent. Batteries have emerged as the best short-term storage solution, but their material requirements and limitations raise concerns. Pumped hydro offers scalability, while hydrogen shows potential for seasonal storage. Long-term energy transition will require innovative storage options that are cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and widely accessible.
Challenges in Transitioning to Renewable Energy
Transitioning to a more renewable energy future presents challenges in terms of storage needs and system reliability. The intermittent nature of wind and solar energy raises questions about the amount of storage required. Current studies suggest that storage capacity will be significant, potentially weeks or longer for reliable energy supply. Balancing geographic and technological diversity becomes critical, as well as weighing the impacts of different storage technologies such as batteries, pumped hydro, and hydrogen. The availability and cost of materials for storage also need to be considered, along with recycling and sustainability issues.
Compartmentalizing Different Aspects of Life
In a world of increasing complexity, it is beneficial to adopt a generalist mindset while maintaining specialized skills. Critical thinking and consideration of viewpoints outside the mainstream are vital to navigate uncertain energy and societal futures. Compartmentalizing different aspects of life can help reconcile diverse ideas and roles, acknowledging the parallel existence of market-based systems and caring economies. The importance of human connection and the willingness to help others give hope amidst societal challenges. Balancing financial and societal priorities can contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future.
Future Research on Energy Transition
One area of future research is to quantify the requirements for a good life and explore trade-offs in energy consumption. Understanding what is truly necessary for a fulfilling life and evaluating the costs and benefits of different energy scenarios can inform sustainable decision-making. Additionally, examining the link between energy and monetary systems could shed light on how to integrate biophysical realities into economic models. This could help address sustainability challenges and navigate the complexity-energy paradox. Exploring alternative energy storage solutions and their implications is also crucial for a more sustainable energy future.
On this episode, Nate is joined by Graham Palmer, a scholar and engineer in the field of energy. While this show frequently covers the importance of energy itself, this discussion focuses on how the ability to store and access energy has critically shaped societies. From agriculture, to wood, to coal, to oil, each transition has marked a new way for humans to interact with the world around them. What would it mean for economic growth if we no longer have access to these storable energies? What does the necessity of storability mean for electricity - an inherently flow-based energy form? Would human societies moving back to a flow-based energy system also mean once again becoming in-sync with the Earth and her ecosystems?
About Graham Palmer
Graham Palmer is a researcher at Monash University, with an industry background as an engineer and researcher in manufacturing, HVAC and electronics. He has published in the area of biophysical economics, renewable energy, life-cycle analysis, and energy-economic modeling. Graham obtained his PhD in the area of energy-return-on-investment (EROI) of electricity supply. His current research interests include the future role of emerging energy storage systems.