Melvyn Bragg and guests explore George Washington's role in the American Revolution, delving into his transition from a mild-mannered farmer to a revolutionary leader. They discuss the intellectual inspirations behind the American Constitution and the tensions between colonial identities and British authorities leading up to the Declaration of Independence.
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Quick takeaways
Colonies governed through local assemblies pre-revolution, shifting against British rule.
Washington's economic ties and Enlightenment ideas influenced his leadership in American Revolution.
Deep dives
Events Leading Up to the American Revolution
Prior to the revolution, the colonies saw themselves as mini-parliaments, governing through local assemblies rather than the king or council. The conflict escalated after the French and Indian War, prompting a shift in British governance policies. The Boston Tea Party led to the formation of the Continental Congress, uniting the colonies against British policies.
George Washington's Motivation for Revolution
Washington's involvement in tobacco farming and economic ties with London merchants influenced his shift towards the revolution. The collapse of the tobacco market in the 1760s sparked fears of conspiracies and motives to curtail liberties. American Revolution unfolds as Washington, initially linked to British interests, embraces leadership in independence movements.
Influences on the Declaration of Independence
The Declaration outlined grievances against the King, inspired by John Locke's social contract theory. The document justifies revolution under a republican framework, emphasizing the people's right to rebel against unjust governance. Echoes of Enlightenment ideas influenced American political thought, emphasizing individual rights within a collective governance structure.
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the first President of the US, George Washington, and the people and ideas that caused the American Revolution. In 1774 a tobacco farmer from Virginia with nice manners and a quiet lifestyle was moved to put himself forward as the military leader of the most massive rebellion the British Empire had ever suffered. George Washington had been a stout upholder of the status quo, regularly lending money to his ne’r-do-well neighbour simply to keep him in the plantation to which he had become accustomed. He even wrote a book on how to behave properly in polite society.What drove mild mannered George Washington to revolution? Washington may have been a moral man, but by anyone’s account he was no scholar, so who provided the intellectual inspiration behind that grandest of Enlightenment documents, the American Constitution. With Carol Berkin, Professor of History at The City University of New York; Simon Middleton, Lecturer in American History at the University of East Anglia; and Colin Bonwick, Professor Emeritus in American History at Keele University.
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