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Respiratory System In Three Parts
- Break the respiratory system into controller, ventilatory pump, and gas exchange to simplify dyspnea evaluation.
- Identifying the dysfunctional component narrows the differential and guides testing.
Receptors Explain Dyspnea Sensations
- Stretch, irritant, J, and chest‑wall receptors map to distinct diseases like COPD, asthma, heart failure, and neuromuscular disorders.
- This receptor mapping links physiology to symptoms and focuses diagnosis.
Targeted History For Shortness Of Breath
- Ask about peripheral edema, weight changes, and diuretic adherence for heart failure.
- Ask about fever, sputum change, triggers, and weakness to detect infection, asthma, or neuromuscular disease.