Understanding Spectrum Policy

Spectrum policy refers to the management of electromagnetic spectrum, an invisible resource critical for various communication technologies like cell phones, radio, and military applications. This spectrum is divided into licensed and unlicensed segments, with private companies such as Verizon and AT&T holding licensed rights, while unlicensed bands cover technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Despite its vital role in everyday communication, spectrum is a finite resource, leading to competition for its use among government agencies and commercial entities. The limited availability of valuable mid-range frequencies creates challenges as both defense and commercial sectors vie for access, particularly for emerging technologies like 5G.