The podcast discusses the run-up in long-term bond yields and mortgage rates, as well as the outlook for the consumer. They explore the factors influencing the term premium and analyze the yield curve's correlation with recessions. They also discuss the record high median net worth of US households, consumer credit and utilization rates, resumption of student loan payments, and the correlation between owner's equivalent rent and the Phillies' World Series wins.
Rising delinquency rates and increased revolving debt pose risks to households' ability to make payments and could lead to a slowdown in spending growth.
While there are concerns about delinquency rates and revolving debt, overall mortgage financing remains solid and lenders have been tightening their lending standards to mitigate risks.
The resumption of student loan payments could pose challenges for households dealing with both student loan and credit card debt, as some may face difficulties in making payments if they do not have sufficient savings.
Deep dives
Concerns about Rising Delinquency Rates and Increased Revolving Debt
There are concerns about rising delinquency rates and increased revolving debt, particularly in the credit card sector. Revolving debt is on the rise, and delinquency rates are already at or above 2019 levels. This is happening even as the unemployment rate remains relatively low, and further increases in delinquencies are anticipated. Higher interest rates are putting additional pressure on households, and it is feared that this could lead to higher defaults, tighter lending standards, and a general slowdown in spending growth.
Some Reasons for Optimism
While there are legitimate concerns about delinquency rates and revolving debt, there are also reasons for optimism. Overall, mortgage financing remains solid, and household survey data suggests an improvement in households' ability to make payments. Lenders have been tightening their lending standards, which may help mitigate some of the risks. Additionally, the economy is in good shape overall, and delinquency rates are mainly concentrated in specific areas, such as subprime auto loans and certain types of consumer finance. It is important to monitor the situation closely and remain cautious, particularly if the economy deteriorates or debt levels become unsustainable for a wider portion of the population.
The Resumption of Student Loan Payments
Another area of concern is the resumption of student loan payments. While there is an on-ramp period for borrowers to adjust to these payments, there may be challenges for households dealing with both student loan and credit card debt. The gradual transition back to making student loan payments allows time for individuals to work through their precautionary savings. However, the potential drawdown of savings and the correlation between student loans and unsecured debt suggest that some households could face difficulties in making payments if they do not have sufficient savings.
Record Rise in Median Net Worth of US Households
The median net worth of all households rose by a record-breaking 37% between 2019 and 2022, according to the recently released Survey of Consumer Finance. This increase in net worth is more than double the previous record rise and is seen across all demographic groups, income scales, and age ranges. The rise in net worth is attributed to various factors, including government stimulus, expanded unemployment benefits, forbearance on debt, and PPP loans. Additionally, more people were able to contribute to retirement accounts and own stocks. However, it is important to note that this data does not capture the decline in asset values experienced in 2022.
Utilization Rate of Credit Cards Approaching Pre-Pandemic Levels
The utilization rate of credit cards currently stands at 20.5%, nearly matching the pre-pandemic level of 20.7%. This indicates that consumers are increasingly using their credit cards and carrying balances from month to month. The growth in credit card balances has been slowing down but is still expanding. While this indicates that households have the ability to borrow, it is a concern due to the potential increase in interest payments. Higher oil prices and a prolonged high-interest rate environment could further stress consumers, particularly those with lower incomes, who rely on credit cards to finance their spending.
Mark, Cris and Marisa welcome colleague David Fieldhouse to Inside Economics to talk about the run up in long-term bond yields and mortgage rates, as well as the outlook for the consumer. The team discusses why the 10-year yield has breached 5% for the first time since before the GFC and what it might mean for the economy if rates stay higher for longer. They also consider the possibility of the yield curve reverting into positive territory soon. Mark tries to help Cris overcome his fears of a consumer-led recession and the team considers what a Phillies World Series win might mean for the economy.
Follow Mark Zandi @MarkZandi, Cris deRitis @MiddleWayEcon, and Marisa DiNatale on LinkedIn for additional insight.
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