Longevity 101: a foundational guide to Peter's frameworks for longevity, and understanding CVD, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, nutrition, exercise, sleep, and more (re-broadcast)

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Oct 27, 2025

This discussion dives into the essentials of longevity, emphasizing the interplay of lifespan and healthspan. Key topics include the evolution of medicine towards preventive care, major death causes like ASCVD and cancer, and strategies for prevention. Peter emphasizes the impact of exercise, nutrition, and sleep on extending vitality. He presents a practical toolkit of five key areas to focus on, encouraging all ages to embrace steps toward better health. Emotional well-being is highlighted as fundamental, reminding listeners that it's never too late to start.

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INSIGHT

Longevity Is Lifespan Plus Healthspan

Longevity equals two vectors: lifespan (binary) and healthspan (physical, cognitive, emotional).
Improving healthspan often delivers most lifespan gains, so focus on both concurrently.

INSIGHT

From Medicine 2.0 To Medicine 3.0

Medicine 2.0 extended life by treating infections and trauma but stalled further lifespan gains.
Medicine 3.0 shifts resources to preventing chronic disease and prioritizing healthspan.

INSIGHT

Three Pathways Drive Atherosclerosis

ASCVD requires three interacting pathways: ApoB lipoproteins, endothelial damage, and inflammation.
Target ApoB, protect endothelium, and reduce inflammation to prevent heart attacks.

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In this special episode, Peter provides a comprehensive introduction to longevity, perfect for newcomers or those looking to refresh their knowledge. He lays out the foundational concepts of lifespan, healthspan, and the marginal decade. Additionally, Peter discusses the four main causes of death and their prevention, as well as detailing the five key strategies in his longevity toolkit to improve lifespan and healthspan. Detailed show notes provide links for deeper exploration of these topics, making it an ideal starting point for anyone interested in understanding and improving their longevity.

We discuss:

Key points about starting exercise as an older adult [2:45];
Overview of episode topics and structure [1:45];
How Peter defines longevity [3:45];
Why healthspan is a crucial component of longevity [11:15];
The evolution of medicine from medicine 1.0 to 2.0, and the emergence of medicine 3.0 [15:30];
Overview of atherosclerotic diseases: the 3 pathways of ASCVD, preventative measures, and the impact of metabolic health [26:00];
Cancer: genetic and environmental factors, treatment options, and the importance of early and aggressive screening [33:15];
Neurodegenerative diseases: causes, prevention, and the role of genetics and metabolic health [39:30];
The spectrum of metabolic diseases [43:15];
Why it's never too late to start thinking about longevity [44:15];
The 5 components of the longevity toolkit [46:30];
Peter's framework for exercise—The Centenarian Decathlon [47:45];
Peter's nutritional framework: energy balance, protein intake, and more [58:45];
Sleep: the vital role of sleep in longevity, and how to improve sleep habits [1:08:30];
Drugs and supplements: Peter's framework for thinking about drugs and supplements as tools for enhancing longevity [1:13:30];
Why emotional health is a key component of longevity [1:17:00];
Advice for newcomers on where to start on their longevity journey [1:19:30]; and
More.

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