Ep. 26: “Viruses and Glycoproteins” Featuring Dr. Florian Krammer
Mar 29, 2022
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Dr. Florian Krammer discusses shifting research to COVID-19, vaccine strategies, and future pandemic readiness. Topics include gut microbiome impact on immune therapy, fungal strains in IBD, skull bone marrow's role in brain immunity, and transitioning from influenza to COVID-19 research.
Development of NDV-HXP-S vaccine demonstrates cost-effective approach for COVID-19 vaccine production.
Research insights from COVID-19 can aid in the development of vaccines for other respiratory viruses.
Omicron variant prompts shifts in public health strategies and highlights the need for continued vigilance.
Deep dives
Vaccines & Therapeutics Development Collaboration
The Newcastle Disease virus-based vaccine candidate, NDV-HXP-S, was developed in collaboration with multiple production companies to utilize existing vaccine production infrastructure. This vaccine uses the Newcastle Disease virus platform to express the stabilized spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, allowing production in facilities typically used for flu vaccines. Clinical development was initiated in low and middle-income countries, showcasing a cost-effective approach to vaccine development and distribution.
Impact of COVID-19 Research on Other Viruses
The comprehensive research and rapid development efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to the emergence of various vaccine platforms. Knowledge gained from COVID-19 research can now be applied to other diseases caused by respiratory viruses, aiding in the development and deployment of effective vaccines. Cross-pollination of ideas among researchers working on different viruses has also been beneficial for overall virus research.
Omicron Variant and Pandemic Shift
The Omicron variant has triggered a shift in the pandemic dynamic, characterized by lower severity but higher transmissibility. The variant has prompted changes in mass mandates and overall public health strategies. The ability of Omicron to generate high viral titers and reduce sensitivity to existing control measures poses challenges, necessitating continued vigilance and adaptability in response strategies.
Intranasal Vaccine Strategy for Improved Immunity
Exploration of intranasal vaccination strategies, such as the NDV HXP-S vaccine candidate, offers potential for enhanced mucosal immune responses targeted directly at upper respiratory tract infections. Intranasal vaccine delivery can lead to the induction of secretory IgA antibodies, providing localized protection against viral entry and transmission. Advancements in intranasal vaccines could revolutionize immune responses against various viruses.
Insights on Omicron Impact and Future Preparedness
Dr. Florian Kramer highlights the varying impact of the Omicron variant, emphasizing the need for continued vigilance and strategic response measures. While Omicron shows reduced severity, unvaccinated individuals remain vulnerable to severe disease. Lessons from differing global responses underscore the imperative of vaccination and cautious public health measures in mitigating pandemic risks.
Dr. Florian Kramer's Perspective on Scuba Diving
When asked about a hobby he would pursue but lacks time, Dr. Florian Kramer expresses an interest in scuba diving. Despite not having the opportunity to dedicate time to this activity, scuba diving serves as a recreational interest he envisions exploring in the future, highlighting a desire for underwater exploration and adventure.
Dr. Florian Krammer is a Professor of Vaccinology at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. His lab focuses on understanding broadly-reactive immune responses against the surface glycoproteins of RNA viruses such as influenza, with the goal to develop better vaccines and novel therapeutics. He talks about his lab’s shift to COVID-19 research, strategies for vaccine development, and how we can prepare for future pandemics.
