Food waste and why you should take the sticker off your apple
Feb 10, 2025
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Kate Lyons, a Guardian reporter specializing in environmental issues, dives into the complexities of food waste management in New South Wales. She explains the FOGO initiative, highlighting its potential to transform waste into compost while sparking debate among residents. The conversation reveals the environmental benefits of composting for soil health and the challenges of transporting compost to regional farms. Lyons also stresses the importance of proper waste disposal and the misconceptions surrounding recycling practices.
The FOGO initiative aims to significantly reduce food waste in Australia by promoting separate collection of compostable materials, engaging communities in sustainable practices.
Successful composting processes rely on proper waste sorting by the public, as contaminants can severely hinder the creation of nutrient-rich compost essential for soil health.
Deep dives
Understanding FOGO and Its Importance
FOGO stands for Food Organics and Garden Organics, a waste collection initiative designed to separate food and garden waste from regular rubbish. This scheme has recently gained attention in New South Wales, where there are plans for it to become mandatory by 2030, with all councils required to implement it. Despite initial skepticism and backlash regarding changes to waste collection schedules, many residents have adapted quickly and now show a strong commitment to waste sorting. This initiative plays a critical role in addressing environmental concerns, as nearly 45% of the waste in general bins is food waste, which contributes to methane emissions when sent to landfills.
Processing Food Waste: From Bin to Compost
After food waste is collected, it is transported to specialized processing facilities where it undergoes a series of mechanical and biological treatments to convert it into compost. At these facilities, like the one in Eastern Creek, waste is sorted to remove contaminants before being shredded and processed in large composting halls, where it is aerated and thermally managed for approximately two weeks. The goal of this elaborate process is to create nutrient-rich compost that can enrich soils and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers in agriculture. Despite logistical challenges in transporting compost to farms, the ultimate aim is to rehabilitate soil health, enhancing agricultural yields sustainably.
Challenges and Responsibilities in Waste Sorting
The success of FOGO relies heavily on public participation and the appropriate sorting of waste materials. Contaminants such as plastic, metal, and even organic entities like pet waste can undermine the efficacy of the composting process, highlighting the need for community education on proper disposal practices. Specific items, such as soft plastic stickers on fruits and certain types of bags, are particularly problematic as they can lead to serious issues in processing facilities. Overall, while FOGO presents an opportunity for enhanced recycling and sustainability, it requires collective responsibility and adherence to guidelines from individuals to be effective.
More councils across Australia are rolling out food organics and garden organics – Fogo – collections to address the enormous problem of food waste. It’s a move that divides suburbs – with supporters pointing to the environmental benefits of removing organics from landfill and detractors claiming the mess and stench is simply not worth it. But once collected, where does all the Fogo go? How is it processed? And what is it turned into? Reporter Kate Lyons tells Reged Ahmad how a major shift in waste management is turning food waste into compost. You can support the Guardian at theguardian.com/fullstorysupport You can subscribe for free to Guardian Australia’s daily news podcast Full Story on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.
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