Zoom In... or Out? When Face-to-Face Meetings Matter Most, with Jonathan Levav
Jan 24, 2024
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Jonathan Levav, Professor of marketing at Stanford Graduate School of Business, discusses his study on remote work and creativity. In-person brainstorming generated 15 to 20% more ideas compared to Zoom. Remote work may be the new normal, but we should consider the drawbacks for maintaining our creative edge. Managers should select 'in-office' days based on tasks that require collaboration and brainstorming.
In-person brainstorming generates 15-20% more ideas and a wider, more diverse range of possibilities compared to brainstorming on Zoom.
Managers should select in-office days for tasks that require in-person collaboration and brainstorming to maximize creativity.
Deep dives
The Impact of Virtual Collaboration on Creative Idea Generation
The podcast episode explores the impact of virtual collaboration, specifically using platforms like Zoom, on creative idea generation. Writer Will Tracy discusses his experience in traditional writer's rooms, where ideas build on each other in a collaborative and dynamic environment. He highlights the limitations of virtual collaboration, where the forced good manners and communication delays hinder the natural rhythm and flow of conversation. The episode then dives into a study conducted by Professor Jonathan Lavaav and Melanie Brooks, which investigated the effects of communicating via video on creative idea generation. The study utilized the alternative uses task, where participants generated ideas for different uses of an object. The results showed that face-to-face pairs generated about 15 to 20 percent more ideas compared to pairs working on Zoom. Additionally, the ideas generated in virtual collaboration were found to be more clustered and less diverse compared to face-to-face collaboration. The episode concludes by emphasizing the importance of considering task requirements and psychological tendencies when deciding between virtual and in-person collaboration.
Choosing the Right Work Modality for Optimal Productivity
The podcast delves into the decision-making process for organizations and managers when determining the appropriate work modality, whether it be remote, in-person, or hybrid. The conversation revolves around the key factors to consider, such as task requirements, psychological tendencies, and individual preferences. The study conducted by Professor Lavaav and Melanie Brooks further sheds light on the relationship between work modality and productivity. While face-to-face collaboration yielded more creative ideas, the research found that pairs working on Zoom performed better in decision-making tasks. This insight suggests that different modalities are suited to different tasks, with face-to-face interaction enhancing expansive thinking and creativity, while narrower, focused environments like Zoom are more conducive to analytical decision-making. The episode emphasizes the need for organizations to analyze task requirements and tailor work modalities based on the desired outcomes and employee preferences.
Creating a Meaningful and Convenient Workplace
The podcast explores strategies for organizations to incentivize employees to come back to the office by making the workplace a place of greater meaning and convenience. By tapping into employees' desires for connection, relationships, and opportunities to express their identity and individuality, organizations can design the work environment to fulfill those needs. This can involve providing convenience factors like flexible work hours, gym facilities, or addressing commute-related challenges. Choice architecture, a concept from consumer behavior research, is highlighted as a way to influence decision-making. Making the desired decision easier for employees, whether it's coming into the office or engaging in certain behaviors, can increase the likelihood of adoption. The episode suggests that organizations should actively reimagine and recreate the elements of their culture that were present in face-to-face environments to foster a meaningful and engaging remote or hybrid work environment.
Looking ahead: AI and Networking in the Future of Work
The podcast concludes by discussing potential future research directions in the realm of AI and networking in the workplace. As artificial intelligence plays an increasingly significant role in work environments, understanding the psychological interface between humans and machines becomes crucial. Exploring the impact of various work modalities and information exchange methods on networking and relationship building within organizations is another area of interest. The episode highlights the importance of considering these factors as the world transitions into the future of work, where hybrid work and remote communications become more prevalent. By examining the impact of these factors, organizations can make more informed decisions regarding work modalities and create environments that optimize productivity and employee satisfaction.
If we want to generate better ideas, then we need to get people back to the office.
Jonathan Levav, a professor of marketing at Stanford Graduate School of Business, details his study of remote work and creativity. “Pairs that worked face-to-face generated 15 to 20% more ideas than pairs that worked on Zoom,” he notes. What’s more, in-person brainstorming helped people consider a wider and more diverse range of possibilities. “Working on Zoom was a double penalty. Fewer ideas — and a narrower set of ideas.”
Remote work may be the new normal in our post-pandemic world, but Levav cautions us from accepting the status quo — especially if we want to keep our creative edge. As this episode of If/Then: Business, Leadership, Society. explores, our best ideas could still lie ahead of us — if we can all get in the same room.
If/Then is a podcast from Stanford Graduate School of Business that examines research findings that can help us navigate the complex issues we face in business, leadership, and society. Each episode features an interview with a Stanford GSB faculty member.
Key Takeaways:
For hybrid work environments, managers should select “in-office” days based on tasks we perform better in person, such as collaboration and brainstorming.
More flexible schedules for remote and office work allow employees to bring their best selves and perform better at their jobs.
More Resources:
Listen to Jonathan Levav’s Webby-Award winning episode on Think Fast, Talk Smart: "Leading From Home: How to Create the Right Environment for Communication" on Spotify, Apple, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.
Jonathan Levav, The King Philanthropies Professor of Marketing