Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas 327 | Cass Sunstein on Liberalism
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Sep 1, 2025 
Cass Sunstein, a Harvard legal scholar and former Obama administration official, dives deep into the philosophy of liberalism and its contemporary challenges. He charts its evolution, connecting figures from Reagan to King, and discusses the rising authoritarian sentiment threatening individual rights. Sunstein highlights liberalism’s struggle with individualism and inequality, the impact of technology on polarization, and the vital role of rational discourse within a pluralistic society. His insights invite listeners to ponder the future of democracy amidst evolving political landscapes.
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Liberalism As A Broad Political Tradition
- Liberalism is a broad tradition valuing individual rights, pluralism, institutions, and rule of law across the political spectrum.
- It can include both FDR-style social liberalism and Reagan-style market-friendly liberalism.
Personal Experience With Rule Of Law
- Cass Sunstein served in both Reagan's Justice Department and Obama's White House and witnessed respect for the rule of law in both administrations.
- He recounts officials refusing to act when the law wouldn't permit an action, prioritizing legality over expediency.
Right-Wing Critique: Liberalism Erodes Communal Virtues
- Right-wing critiques argue liberalism erodes communal virtues and traditions that sustain social stability.
- The claim depends on empirical debate about whether liberalism actually undermines faith and community.
