Consciousness and the limits of science PART 2 | Sean Carroll, Ellen Langer, and Tamar Gendler
Oct 18, 2024
auto_awesome
Join Sean Carroll, a renowned physicist and podcast host, Ellen Langer, a Harvard psychologist and mindfulness expert, and Tamar Gendler, Yale’s philosophy dean. They dive into the limits of science in addressing consciousness. The trio debates how our language shapes reality and influences perceptions, particularly around mental experiences and chronic conditions. They tackle the dualism versus monism debate, questioning if materialism can truly capture the essence of our thoughts and feelings, all while pondering the profound connection between mind and body.
Ellen Langer emphasizes that rigid categorization of mind and body can obscure their interconnectedness, influencing healing and understanding of experiences.
Tamar Gendler argues for a monistic perspective, suggesting that subjective experiences reflect a unified existence rather than distinct ontological categories.
Deep dives
The Impact of Language on Understanding Consciousness
Language plays a crucial role in shaping how individuals understand the concepts of mind and body. The distinction between these two categories can often lead to confusion, as both are fundamentally human constructs rather than separate entities. This perspective suggests that our interpretations of experiences may be influenced by the language we use to describe them. The philosopher Ellen Langer emphasizes that categorizing experiences too rigidly can overshadow the interconnectedness of bodily and mental states, illustrating that healing may be more effective if we view the body as a unified whole.
Perspectival Experience and Monism
The debate around monism involves a fundamental understanding of existence and how perspectives shape human experiences. Tamar Gendler argues that while experiences may feel dualistic, it is essential to recognize that our perceptions do not necessarily imply the existence of distinct ontological categories. The challenge lies in reconciling subjective experiences, such as feelings of trust or impulse, with a scientific worldview that posits a singular, unified existence governed by physical laws. Both Gendler and Sean Carroll indicate that accepting monism does not negate the rich complexity of human perception, but rather frames it within a broader understanding of reality.
Materialism versus Physicalism in Explaining Consciousness
The discussion delves into whether materialism can eventually provide a comprehensive account of consciousness. Sean Carroll posits that a more accurate term is 'physicalism,' which acknowledges the empirical success of scientific methods and allows for a cohesive understanding of the universe. However, this raises questions about the relationship between mental and physical states and whether they can be fully explained by physical laws alone. During the debate, it is suggested that while physicalism may describe observable phenomena, it does not fully address the subjective nature of consciousness or the qualitative aspects of human experiences.
Can science ever solve the problem of consciousness? Do our methods look for answers in all the wrong places? Join Sean Carroll, Ellen Langer, and Tamar Gendler as they debate the possibility of science providing answers to the hardest problem of all - the problem of subjective experience. Jack Symes hosts.
Sean Carroll is Homewood Professor of Natural Philosophy at John Hopkins University, and he also hosts the weekly podcast ‘Mindscape’, which explores interesting ideas in science, philosophy, culture, and the arts. Ellen Langer is an award-winning scientist, Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, and the author of ‘The Mindful Body’. Tamar Gendler is Yale University's Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the Vincent J. Scully Professor of Philosophy, and also a Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Science.